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People Politicians and leaders

Politicians and leaders

Early modern period [about 1400-1814]

Modern [about 1815-1945]

A. K. Fazlul Huq

Bengali statesman and jurist (1873–1962)

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

President of India from 2002 to 2007

American Vice President and politician (1756–1836)

Emperor of the Khitans and founder of the Liao dynasty (872-926)

Abbas the Great

Shah of Safavid Iran from 1587 to 1629

Abd Allah al-Mahdi Billah

Founder of the Fatimid Caliphate

Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan

Fifth Umayyad caliph

Founder and Caliph of the Almohad Caliphate from 1133 to 1163

Abd al-Rahman I

Founder of the Umayyad Emirate of Iberia (731-788)

Abd al-Rahman III

Eighth Emir of Córdoba

Abdalá Bucaram

President of Ecuador (1996-1998)

Abdallah ibn Yasin

Theologian, founder of Almoravid movement

Abdel Fattah el-Sisi

President of Egypt since 2014

Abdelaziz Bouteflika

Algerian politician, former President of Algeria

Senegalese politician

Abdrabbuh Mansour Hadi

President of Yemen from 2012 to 2022

Abdul Ghani Baradar

Co-founder and political leader of the Afghan Taliban

Abdul Halim of Kedah

Sultan of Kedah

Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1876 to 1909

Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani

Bangladeshi Political leader (1880-1976)

Abdul Majeed Didi

Lord of Twelve Thousand Isles,

Abdul Salam Arif

20th-century Iraqi politician

Abdulaziz bin Muhammad Al Saud

18th and 19th-century ruler of the First Saudi State

Abdul-Karim Qasim

Prime Minister of Iraq from 1958 to 1963

Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah

11h Ruler of Kuwait and 1st Emir of the State of Kuwait

Abdullah al-Sallal

First president of North Yemen

Turkish politician

Abdullah I of Jordan

Ruler of Transjordan and Jordan from 1921 to 1951

Abdullah II of Jordan

King of Jordan since 1999

Abdullah of Saudi Arabia

King of Saudi Arabia (2005-2015)

31st Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1839 to 1861

Abdulsalami Abubakar

Nigerian general and brief head of state

Abdurrahman Wahid

President of Indonesia from 1999 to 2001

First Lady of the United States from 1797 to 1801

Prime Minister of Ethiopia since 2018

Abolhassan Banisadr

1st President of Iran from 1980 to 1981

Abraham Lincoln

President of the United States from 1861 to 1865

First Muslim Caliph and close companion of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad

Abubakar Tafawa Balewa

Nigerian politician

Apical ancestor of the Achaemenid dynasty

3rd President of the Gambia

Adlai Stevenson II

American politician

Turkish politician

Dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945

Prime Minister of Spain (1976–1981)

President of France from 1871 to 1873

Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg

Grand Duke of Luxembourg

Ælfweard of Wessex

King of Wessex (disputed)

Æthelred the Unready

10th and 11th-century King of England

10th-century King of the Anglo-Saxons, King of the English

Afonso I of Kongo

Afonso I of Portugal

12th-century King of Portugal

Afonso III of Portugal

King of Portugal

Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar

Shah of Iran from 1789 to 1797

French Royal mistress

First President of Angola

Taíno tribal leader and military chief

Agustín de Iturbide

Mexican army general and politician, 1st emperor of Mexico

Agustín Gamarra

President of Peru (1785-1841)

Agustín Pedro Justo

18th President of Argentina

Ah Mekat Tutul Xiu

Ahilyabai Holkar

Holkar noble of the Maratha Empire, India

Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah

10th Ruler of the Sheikhdom Kuwait

Ahmad al-Mansur

7th Ruler of Saadi Dynasty

Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani

Ahmad bin Yahya

King and Imam of Yemen from 1948 to 1962

Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi

16th century Imam and General of the Adal Sultanate

Ahmad ibn Tulun

Emir of Egypt and Syria

Ahmad Shah Durrani

Founder of the Durrani Empire (r. 1747–1772)

Ahmad Shah of Pahang

Yang di-Pertuan Agong from 1979 to 1984

Sultan of Brunei from 1924 to 1950

Ahmad Tejan Kabbah

3rd President of Sierra Leone (1996-97, 1998-2007)

1st President of Cameroon

President of the Comoros

Ahmed Ben Bella

First President of Algeria (1916-2012)

Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr

4th president of Iraq

Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1703 to 1730

Ahmed Mohamed Mohamoud

4th president of Somaliland

Ahmed Sékou Touré

President of Guinea (1922-1984) –

Ahmet Necdet Sezer

10th President of Turkey

Pharaoh of Ancient Egypt

Ruler of Tenochtitlan

King of the Magadha Empire

Third emperor of the Mughal Empire (reigned 1556-1605)

Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani

President of Iran from 1989 to 1997

18th Dynasty pharaoh

Chechen militant; leader of Chechnya from 2000 to 2004

2nd leader of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan

Emperor of Japan from 1989 to 2019

Vice president of the United States from 1993 to 2001

American statesman and governor

French politician (1909-1996)

President of Peru (1985–1990 and 2006–2011)

Kushite King of Napata

4th and 5th-century King of the Visigoths

Alauddin Khalji

Emperor of the Khalji dynasty of Delhi from 1296 to 1316

Albert Frederick, Duke of Prussia

Duke of Prussia

Albert Gallatin

American politician, diplomat, and scholar

Albert I of Belgium

Third King of the Belgians

Albert I, Prince of Monaco

Prince of Monaco

Albert II of Belgium

Sixth king of the Belgians

Albert II, Prince of Monaco

Prince of Monaco

Albert, Duke of Prussia

German nobleman

Alberto Fujimori

President of Peru (1990-2000)

Alberto Lleras Camargo

Colombian journalist and politician (1906-1990)

King of the Lombards

Athenian statesman

Alcide De Gasperi

Italian politician and founder of the Christian Democratic Party (1881-1954)

Italian politician (1916–1978)

Alec Douglas-Home

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1963 to 1964

Aleksander Kwaśniewski

President of Poland from 1995 to 2005

Former First Minister of Scotland

Alexander Bustamante

Jamaican politician and labour leader

Alexander Dubček

Czechoslovak and Slovak politician

Alexander H. Stephens

Vice President of the Confederate States from 1861 to 1865

Alexander Hamilton

American founding father and statesman

Alexander I of Russia

Tsar of the Russian Empire from 1801 to 1825

Alexander I of Yugoslavia

Prince regent of Kingdom of Serbia and later King of Yugoslavia 1921–34

Alexander II of Russia

Tsar of the Russian Empire from 1855 to 1881

Alexander III of Russia

Emperor of Russia from 1881 to 1894

Alexander IV of Macedon

King of Macedon from 323/322–309 BC

Alexander Kerensky

Russian politician

Alexander Kolchak

Imperial Russian admiral, military leader and polar explorer

Alexander Lukashenko

Belarusian politician, president of Belarus

Alexander Mackenzie (politician)

2nd Prime Minister of Canada

Alexander Nevsky

Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1252 to 1263

Alexander Rutskoy

Russian politician and former Soviet military officer

Alexander the Great

Military commander, King of Macedon from 336 to 323 BC

Alexandra Feodorovna (Alix of Hesse)

Empress of Russia from 1894 to 1917

Alexandre Pétion

1st President of the Republic of Haiti

Alexandru Ioan Cuza

First ruler of the United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia

Soviet politician (1904–1980)

Premier of the Soviet Union

Alexios I Komnenos

Byzantine emperor from 1081 to 1118

Alexis of Russia

Tsar of Russia from 1645 to 1676

Alfonso II of Aragon

King of Aragon from 1164 to 1196

Alfonso II of Asturias

King of Asturias

Alfonso IX of León

King of León and Galicia from 1188 to 1230

Alfonso López Pumarejo

Colombian politician (1886-1959)

Alfonso VI of León and Castile

King of León (1065–1109), Castile (1072–1109), and Galicia (1071–1109)

Alfonso VII of León and Castile

King of León, Castile, and Galicia from 1126 to 1157

Alfonso X of Castile

King of Castile and León from 1252 to 1284

King of Spain (1886-1941) (ruled 1886-1931)

Prime Minister of Australia (1856–1919)

Alfred the Great

9th-century King of Wessex

Alfredo Baldomir

President of Uruguay (1884–1948)

Alfredo Cristiani

Salvadoran politician, President of El Salvador from 1989 to 1994

Alfredo Stroessner

Paraguayan military dictator

Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf

Umayyad governor of Iraq and viceroy of the eastern caliphate

al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah

6th Fatimid caliph (r. 996–1021) and 16th Ismaili Imam

Ali Abdullah Saleh

President of Yemen, 1978 to 2012

Supreme Leader of Iran since 1989

Ali Mughayat Syah

First Sultan of Aceh

Ali Pasha of Ioannina

Ottoman Albanian ruler

2nd Abbasid caliph (r. 754–775)

Andalusian military leader and statesman (c. 938–1002)

al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah

4th Caliph of the Fatimid dynasty (r. 953–975)

al-Mustansir Billah

Fatimid caliph from 1036 to 1094/95

16th Abbasid Caliph

Al-Nasir Muhammad

Sultan of Egypt and Syria

Sultan of the Seljuk Empire from 1063 to 1072

Shunyi King (順義王)

Guatemalan President (1996-2000)

31st President of Colombia

Egyptian pharaoh

Former President of the Marshall Islands (1928-1996)

Ambrose Burnside

American general and politician

Emperor of Ethiopia

Founding Pharaoh of twelfth dynasty of Egypt

Pharaoh of the Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt

Second Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt

Egyptian Pharaoh of the 18th dynasty

Ninth Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt

Emperor of Ethiopia

Syrian politician and army general (1921–2009)

Amin al-Husseini

Palestinian Arab nationalist (1897–1974)

Amyntas III of Macedon

King of Macedon

Only Egyptian Pharaoh from 404 to 399 BC

An Dương Vương

King of Âu Lạc from 257 BC to 179 BC

Eighth monarch of Siam from the Chakri dynasty as Rama VIII

Anangabhima Deva III

Rauta, Durgaputra, Rudraputra, Purushottama, Purushottamaputra

Anastasio Somoza Debayle

President of Nicaragua

Anastasio Somoza García

Dictator of Nicaragua (1896–1956)

Anastasius I Dicorus

Roman emperor in the East from 491 to 518

Andreas Palaiologos

Prince of the Palaiologos dynasty

Soviet diplomat (1909–1989)

Andrés de Santa Cruz

19th-century general and political leader in Peru and Bolivia

Andrés Manuel López Obrador

President of Mexico

Andrés Pastrana Arango

30st President of Colombia

Andrés Rodríguez (politician)

43.° President of Paraguay from February 3, 1989 to August 15, 1993

Australian politician, fifth Prime Minister of Australia

President of the United States from 1829 to 1837

President of the United States from 1865 to 1869

Andrianampoinimerina

King of Imerina

Anerood Jugnauth

Mauritian statesman (1930–2021)

Welsh politician

Chancellor of Germany

Queen of Poland, Grand Duchess of Lithuania, and Princess Consort of Transylvania

Empress of All Russia

Second wife of Henry VIII of England

Anne of Austria

Infanta of Spain and Portugal. Queen of France

16th-century queen consort of England

Anne, Queen of Great Britain

Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland (1702–07); Queen of Great Britain and Ireland (1707–14)

Croatian fascist politician and dictator

Anthony Albanese

Prime Minister of Australia since 2022

British soldier, diplomat and politician (1897–1977)

Antigonus I Monophthalmus

Antigonus II Gonatas

King of Macedonia

Antiochus III the Great

Antiochus IV Epiphanes

Basileus of the Seleucid Empire

Macedonian general

Antipope Clement VII

Antipope from 1378 to 1394

Antipope John XXIII

Italian bishop; Pisan antipope (1410–1415)

Dutch Nazi sympathizer

Roman emperor from 138 to 161

António de Oliveira Salazar

Prime Minister of Portugal during the Estado Novo

António Guterres

Portuguese politician and diplomat (born 1949)

Antonio Guzmán Blanco

President of Venezuela

Antonio José de Sucre

President of Peru and Bolivia (1795–1830)

Antonio López de Santa Anna

8th President of Mexico (1794–1876)

Prime Minister of Malaysia since 2022

President of Egypt from 1970 to 1981

Ruler of Lower Egypt during the Fifteenth Dynasty

Appius Claudius Caecus

Roman statesman and writer (fl. c. 312–279 BC)

4th Egyptian pharaoh of the 26th dynasty

Aratus of Sicyon

Greek statesman, general and Achaean League strategos (271-213 BC)

Roman emperor from 383 to 408

Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria

Archduke of Austria-Este and heir presumptive to the throne of Austria-Hungary (1863-1914)

Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery

British Liberal politician and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1847-1929)

Founder of the Sassanid Empire

Prime Minister of Israel and Israeli general

Aristide Briand

Politician, statesman, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate from France (1862-1932)

Aristides Pereira

Cape Verdean politician, and first president of Cape Verde (1923-2011)

1st century chieftain of the Germanic Cherusci tribe

President of Panama from 1940 to 1941, 1949 to 1951 and in 1968

Grand Prince of the Hungarians

Arsaces I of Parthia

First king of Parthia

Fifth King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire

King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, c. 358–338 BC

Artemisia I of Caria

Queen of Halicarnassus, Kos, Nisyros and Kalymnos

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1902 to 1905

1st President of Guyana

Arthur Griffith

Irish politician and writer, founder of Sinn Féin

Arthur Henderson

British politician (1863-1935)

9th Prime Minister of Canada

British naval officer and first Governor of New South Wales (1738-1814)

Artur da Costa e Silva

27th President of Brazil

Arturo Alessandri

17th and 21st President of Chile (1920-24, 1925, 1932-38)

Arturo Frondizi

27th President of Argentina (1958-62)

Mauryan emperor from 269 to 232 BC

Ashot I of Armenia

King of Armenia

President of Afghanistan

Ashurnasirpal II

Kyrgyz politician

Askia Muhammad I

First Lady of Syria (born 1975)

Asparuh of Bulgaria

Khan of Bulgaria

Kushite King of Napata

Ruler of the Inca Empire

Atal Bihari Vajpayee

10th Prime Minister of India (1996, 1998–2004)

Ati George Sokomanu

President of Vanuatu

5th-century ruler of the Hunnic Empire

Auguste Beernaert

14th Prime Minister of Belgium and human rights activist

Augusto B. Leguía

Peruvian politician and President of Peru (1863-1932)

Augusto Pinochet

Former dictator of the Republic of Chile

Augusto Tasso Fragoso

Former Brazilian general

Roman emperor from 27 BC to AD 14

Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton

Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1768 to 1770

Augustus II the Strong

Elector of Saxony

Augustus III of Poland

Mughal emperor from 1658 to 1707

Roman emperor from 270 to 275

Austen Chamberlain

British politician

Axel Oxenstierna

Swedish statesman

Ayaz Mutallibov

President of Azerbaijan from 1990 to 1992

President of Pakistan from 1958 to 1969

Azali Assoumani

President of the Comoros

Former President of Burma

Afghanistan politician of Tajik ethnicity communist politician (1929–1996)

Mughal emperor from 1526 to 1530

Lebanese politician and a resistance commander and President of Lebanon (1947-1982)

Sasanian general and political leader (died 591)

King of Kings of Iranians and non-Iranians[a]

7th Peshwa of the Maratha Empire (reigned 1720-40)

Baldur von Schirach

German Nazi politician (1907–1974)

Baldwin I of Jerusalem

First count of Edessa (r.1098–1100) and first king of Jerusalem (r. 1100–1118)

South Korean politician and diplomat

Emperor of Vietnam from 1926 to 1945

President of the United States from 2009 to 2017

Barghash bin Said of Zanzibar

Sultan of Zanzibar

Barry Goldwater

American statesman

Bartolomé Mitre

President of Argentina

Bashar al-Assad

President of Syria since 2000

Emperor of the Byzantine Empire

Byzantine emperor from 976 to 1025

13th-century founder and ruler of the Golden Horde, a division of the Mongol Empire

Baudouin of Belgium

King of the Belgians from 1951 to 1993

13th-century Sultan of Egypt and Syria

Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1481 to 1512

Emperor of the Taungoo Dynasty

Beatrix of the Netherlands

Queen of the Netherlands (1980-2013)

Béla IV of Hungary

King of Hungary and Croatia from 1235 to 1270

Belisario Betancur

Former President of Colombia (1923-2018)

Australian politician

Prime Minister of Pakistan (1988–1990; 1993–1996)

Benigno Aquino III

15th President of the Philippines

President of Mexico from 1858 to 1872

Benito Mussolini

Dictator of Italy from 1922 to 1943

Benjamin Disraeli

Former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom

Benjamin Franklin

American polymath and a Founding Father of the United States

Benjamin Harrison

23rd president of the United States

Benjamin Netanyahu

Prime Minister of Israel (1996–1999; 2009–2021; since 2022)

Benjamin Tillman

Jim Crow-era Democratic politician

Berengar I of Italy

Emperor of the Romans

Bernard VII, Lord of Lippe

Bernardino Caballero

Paraguayan politician (1839-1912)

Bernardino Rivadavia

1st President of the United Provinces of Rio de la Plata

Bernardo O'Higgins

Chilean independence leader

Bernhard von Bülow

Chancellor of the German Empire from 1900 to 1909

American politician and activist (born 1941)

Achaemenid satrap and pretender to throne (died 329 BC)

Italian politician

Bhumibol Adulyadej

King of Thailand

Bidya Devi Bhandari

Current president of Nepal

President of the United States from 1993 to 2001

Australian politician

Birendra of Nepal

Blaise Compaoré

President of Burkina Faso from 1987 to 2014

Chinese politician (1907-1946)

Former Australian Greens politician, medical doctor, environmentalist

American politician

Australian politician, 23rd Prime Minister of Australia

King of Mauretania

Great Khan of Outer Mongolia

Bohdan Khmelnytsky

Hetman of Zaporozhian Cossacks

Bolesław Bierut

Polish politician; leader of Poland (1947-1956)

Bolesław I the Brave

Bolesław III Wrymouth

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1922 to 1923

Tsar of Russia from 1598 to 1605

Boris I of Bulgaria

Knyaz of Bulgaria from 852 to 889

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2019 to 2022

President of Russia from 1991 to 1999

Bořivoj I, Duke of Bohemia

Duke of Bohemia

Borommatrailokkanat

King of Ayutthaya

Queen of the British Iceni tribe (d. 60/61)

Boutros Boutros-Ghali

6th Secretary-General of the United Nations

Historical king of Ireland (c. 941 – 1014)

18th Prime Minister of Canada

Founder of the Turkic Khaganate (d. 552 AD)

1st-century BC Thracian king of the Getae and Dacians

South African politician

Pharaoh of Ptolemaic Egypt

Roman emperor from AD 37 to 41

Calvin Coolidge

President of the United States from 1923 to 1929

Second King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire

Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour

First Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Italy from March to June in 1861

1st President of Zimbabwe (1980-87)

Chinese warlord during the Eastern Han Dynasty

Cao Wei emperor (187–226)

Roman emperor from 198 to 217

Cardinal Mazarin

Catholic cardinal (1602–1661)

Cardinal Richelieu

French clergyman, noble and statesman and King Louis XIII's chief minister

Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim

Finnish military leader and statesman (1867–1951)

Democratic U.S. Senator from Arizona

Carles Puigdemont

Politician from Catalonia, Spain

Carlos Andrés Pérez

President of Venezuela from 1974 to 1979 and 1989 to 1993

Carlos Antonio López

President of Paraguay (1792-1862)

Carlos Arias Navarro

Spanish politician (1908–1989)

1st Governor of Guam

Carlos Castillo Armas

Guatemalan President

Carlos I of Portugal

19th/20th-century Portuguese king

Carlos Ibáñez del Campo

19th and 25th President of Chile (1927-31, 1952-58)

Carlos Manuel Arana Osorio

President of Guatemala (1918-2003)

President of Argentina

Carlos Prío Socarrás

President of Cuba (1903-1977)

Carlos Salinas de Gortari

60th president of Mexico

Carol I of Romania

Monarch of Romania from 1866 to 1914

Chief Executive of Hong Kong from 2017 to 2022

Casimir I the Restorer

Casimir III the Great

King of Poland from 1333 to 1370

Casimir IV Jagiellon

King of Poland (1447–1492) and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1440–1492)

King of Macedon

Catherine de' Medici

16th-century Italian noblewoman and queen consort of France

Catherine Howard

Queen of England from 1540 to 1541

Catherine of Aragon

First wife of Henry VIII of England

Queen Consort of Henry VIII

Catherine the Great

Empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796

Ancient Roman Senator who attempted to overthrow the Republic

Roman politician, soldier and writer (234–149 BC)

Cato the Younger

Roman statesman, general and writer

British businessman and politician in southern Africa

Turkish politician; President of Turkey (1950-1960)

Colombian economist and politician

Late 15th-century Italian nobleman, and Catholic cardinal

King of the Zulu Kingdom

Israeli politician

Chan Imix Kʼawiil

Ruler of Copán

Chandra Shekhar

Prime Minister of India from 1990 to 1991

Chandragupta II

Ruler of Gupta Empire from c. 375 to c. 415

Chandragupta Maurya

Founder of the Maurya Empire in ancient India

Chandrika Kumaratunga

20th century President of Sri Lanka

South Korean politician (1899–1966)

King of Luang Phrabang

Prime Minister of India from 1979 to 1980

King of the Franks and first Holy Roman Emperor (748–814)

Charles de Gaulle

20th century President of the French Republic, army officer in World War II and national hero

Charles Evans Hughes

American politician and 11th Chief Justice of the United States

Charles G. Dawes

Vice president of the United States from 1925 to 1929

Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes

French diplomat (1719-1787)

Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1830 to 1834

Charles I of Austria

Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary as Charles IV

Charles I of England

17th-century monarch of England, Scotland and Ireland

Charles I of Hungary

King of Hungary and Croatia from 1308 to 1342

Charles II of England

King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1660 to 1685

Charles II of Navarre

King of Navarre from 1349 to 1387

Charles II of Spain

King of Spain from 1665-1700

King of the United Kingdom since 2022

Charles III of Navarre

King of Navarre from 1387 to 1425

Charles III of Spain

King of Spain from 1759 to 1788

Charles III, Prince of Monaco

Prince of Monaco from 1856 to 1889

Charles IV of France

Last King of France who was directly a member of the House of Capet

Charles IV of Spain

King of Spain and the Spanish Empire from 1788 to 1808

Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor

14th century Holy Roman Emperor of the House of Luxembourg

Charles IX of France

Charles James Fox

British politician (1749–1806)

Charles Louis Auguste Fouquet, Duke of Belle-Isle

French general and statesman (1684–1761)

Frankish military and political leader

Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord

French diplomat

Charles Rivière-Hérard

President of Haiti

Charles Stewart Parnell

Irish politician

American abolitionist and statesman (1811–1874)

Charles Taylor (Liberian politician)

22nd President of Liberia (1997-2003); convicted war criminal

Charles the Bald

9th century Holy Roman Emperor

Charles the Bold

Duke of Burgundy from 1467 to 1477

Charles the Fat

Emperor of the Carolingian Empire (839-888) (r.881-888)

Charles V of France

King of France from 1364 to 1380

Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor

16th-century Holy Roman Emperor, King of Spain, Archduke of Austria, and Duke of Burgundy

Charles VI of France

14th/15th-century French king

Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor

18th century Habsburg Holy Roman Emperor

Charles VII of France

15th-century King of France

Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor

18th century Wittelsbach Holy Roman Emperor

Charles VIII of France

King of France from 1483 to 1498

Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham

Prime Minister of Great Britain, 1765–1766 and in 1782

King of France (1757-1836) (r. 1824-1830)

Charles XI of Sweden

17th-century King of Sweden

Charles XII of Sweden

King of Sweden from 1697 to 1718

Charles XIV John

King of Sweden and Norway and French Marshal

Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg

Grand Duchess of Luxembourg

Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum

Cambodian politician

President of Guyana, Prime Minister of Guyana, dentist (1918-1997)

Co-founder of the Chinese Communist Party (1879–1942)

Taiwanese former politician

Chenghua Emperor

9th Emperor of the Ming dynasty

Chester A. Arthur

President of the United States from 1881 to 1885

Chiang Ching-kuo

Former president of Taiwan

Chiang Kai-shek

Chinese politician and military leader (1887–1975)

Chiune Sugihara

Japanese diplomat

King of Neustria (584-613); King of the Franks (613-629)

Chongzhen Emperor

Ming dynasty's last emperor, reigned from 1627 to 1644

British politician (born 1944)

Australian politician

Christian II of Denmark

King of Denmark and Norway

Christian IV of Denmark

17th-century King of Denmark and Norway

King of Denmark

Christian X of Denmark

King of Denmark

Christina, Queen of Sweden

17th-century queen of Sweden

5th King of Siam, also known as King Rama V

Leader of South Korea from 1979 to 1988

4th Roman emperor, from AD 41 to 54

6th-century BC Athenian lawgiver

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1945 to 1951

Athenian statesman and general (died 422 BC)

Pharaoh of Egypt from 51 to 30 BC

Clodius Albinus

Usurper and Caesar of the Roman Empire (c.150-197)

King of the Franks from 481 to 511

King of England

Coloman, King of Hungary

King of Hungary (1095–1116)

Roman emperor from 176 to 192

Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor

11th century Holy Roman Emperor of the Salian dynasty

Conrad IV of Germany

13th century King of Germany, Sicily, and Jerusalem

Byzantine emperor from 641 to 668

Constantine III of Scotland

Constantine IX Monomachos

Byzantine emperor

Constantine the Great

Roman emperor from 306 to 337

Byzantine Emperor from 741 to 775

Constantine VII

Byzantine emperor from 913 to 959

Constantine VIII

Byzantine emperor from 1025 to 1028

Roman emperor from 337 to 361

President of the Philippines from 1986 to 1992

American politician

Cosimo de' Medici

Lord of Florence from 1434 to 1464

Cristina Fernández de Kirchner

President of Argentina from 2007 to 2015

Final tlatoani of the Aztec Empire in Tenochtitlán

Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas

Mexican politician

10Th Tlatoani of Tenochtitlan

Progenitor of the Welsh royal house of Gwynedd

Chieftain of the Tupinambá tribe

1st-century pre-Roman British king

Cyril Ramaphosa

President of South Africa since 2018

Cyrus the Great

Founder of the Achaemenid Empire

D. S. Senanayake

Prime Minister of Sri Lanka

Dafydd ap Llywelyn

13th-century Welsh monarch

Dag Hammarskjöld

Swedish diplomat, economist, and author

Daniel arap Moi

Kenyan President

United States Senator from Hawaii (1963–2012)

Daniel of Galicia

King of Ruthenia from 1253 to 1264

President of Nicaragua (1985–1990 and 2007–present)

14th and 19th United States Secretary of State (1782–1852)

Daoguang Emperor

6th Emperor of Qing-dynasty China (r. 1820-50)

King of the Achaemenid Empire from 336 to 330 BC)

Darius the Great

Persian ruler from 522 to 486 BCE

David Ben-Gurion

Israeli politician, Zionist leader, prime minister of Israel

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2010 to 2016

Prime Minister of the Central African Republic (1930-2003)

David I of Scotland

12th-century King of Scots, Prince of the Cumbrians

King of Georgia from 1089 to 1125

32nd Prime Minister of New Zealand

David Lloyd George

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1916 to 1922

Northern Irish politician

American politician and folk hero

First president of the Gambia from 1970 to 1994

Emperor of Ethiopia

Khagan of Dayan

Prime Minister of Belize from 2008 to 2020

King of Dacia (r. 87–106)

The First Legislator

4th-century B.C. Athenian statesman and orator

Horus name of an early Egyptian king

Chinese politician and paramount leader

Denis of Portugal

King of Portugal

Denis Sassou Nguesso

President of the Republic of the Congo (1997-present, 1979-1992)

Former president of Suriname

Devanampiya Tissa

King of Anuradhapura from 307 BC to 267 BC

Devapala of Bengal

Pala emperor of early 9th century

American politician

Roman emperor in 218

Diana, Princess of Wales

Member of the British royal family; first wife of Prince Charles (1961–1997)

Diarmait mac Cerbaill

High King of Ireland

46th Vice President of the United States

Didius Julianus

Roman emperor in 193

Former President of Brazil

Roman emperor from 284 to 305

Dionisio de Herrera

First president of Honduras

Dionysius I of Syracuse

Sicilian tyrant

Diosdado Macapagal

9th President of the Philippines

Dipendra of Nepal

Ancient Egyptian pharaoh

Pharaoh of the third dynasty of Egypt

Prince of Moscow (1359–1389)

Dmitry Medvedev

President of Russia from 2008 to 2012

Soviet politician (1908–1984)

First Lady of the United States from 1809 to 1817

Domingo Faustino Sarmiento

19th-century President of Argentina

Roman emperor from AD 81 to 96

Domnall mac Ailpín

King of the Picts from 858 to 862

Donald Rumsfeld

American politician and diplomat (1932–2021)

President of the United States (2017–2021; since 2025)

Chief Executive of Hong Kong from 2005 to 2012

Polish politician, former President of the European Council, and former Prime Minister of Poland

Prime Minister of Tannu Tuva (1888–1932)

Former acting President of the People's Republic of China (1886–1975)

17th-century Prince and regent of the Qing Dynasty

Dost Mohammad of Bhopal

18th-century founder of Bhopal

Draco (legislator)

First legislator of Athens in Ancient Greece

Chinese warlord and politician (1865-1936)

Duke Huan of Qi

Legendary regional lord, regent, and culture hero of the early Zhou dynasty

Duke Wen of Jin

22nd ruler of Jin from 636 to 628 BCE

Dunama II Dabbalemi

Mai of the Kanem–Bornu Empire

Dwight D. Eisenhower

American army general and 34th president of the United States (1890–1969)

King of the English

10th-century English king

Éamon de Valera

Irish statesman, head of government of Ireland, later president

Edgar Ætheling

11th-century claimant to the throne of England

Edgar, King of England

Anglo-Saxon king of England

Australian social reformer and politician (1861–1932)

1st Prime Minister of Australia

Chinese politician

King of the English from 939 to 946

Edmund Ironside

King of England from April-November 1016

United States politician

Eduard Bernstein

German politician (1850 - 1932)

Eduard Shevardnadze

Georgian politician and diplomat (1928–2014)

Eduardo Frei Montalva

President of Chile (1911-1982)

Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle

Chilean politician

American politician

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1970 to 1974

Edward I of England

King of England from 1272 to 1307

Edward II of England

14th-century King of England and Duke of Aquitaine

Edward III of England

14th-century King of England and Duke of Aquitaine

15th-century King of England

Edward Oliver LeBlanc

Dominican politician (1923-2004)

Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby

British Prime Minister

Edward the Black Prince

14th-century English royal; eldest son of King Edward III

Edward the Confessor

11th-century king of England

Edward the Elder

King of the Anglo-Saxons from 899 to 924

Edward the Martyr

King of the English

King of England in 1483

King of England and Ireland from 1547 to 1553

King of the United Kingdom from 1901 to 1910

King of the United Kingdom in 1936

Efraín Ríos Montt

38th President of Guatemala from 1982 to 1983

Prime Minister of Israel from 1999 to 2001

Eight Deer Jaguar Claw

Mixtec conqueror

61st, 62nd and 63rd Prime Minister of Japan (1901–1975)

Roman emperor from 218 to 222

Eleanor of Aquitaine

Duchess of Aquitaine

Eleanor Roosevelt

American diplomat and activist (1884–1962)

Eleftherios Venizelos

Early 20th-century Greek politician; Prime Minister from 1910-20 and 1928-33

President of Haiti (1883-1974)

American politician

Queen regnant of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until 24 March 1603

Queen of the United Kingdom from 1952 to 2022

Elizabeth of Russia

Empress regnant of Russia from 1741 to 1762

Ellen Johnson Sirleaf

Former President of Liberia

Last Governor-General and first President of Trinidad and Tobago

President of Ecuador (1895 - 1901) / (1906 - 1911)

Elpidio Quirino

President of the Philippines from 1948 to 1953

Hong Kong politician and social activist (1913-2015)

Emílio Garrastazu Médici

President of Brazil from 1969 to 1974

Emir Abdelkader

Algerian religious and military leader (1808–1883)

Emmanuel Macron

President of France since 2017

Emmerson Mnangagwa

President of Zimbabwe since 2017

President of Tajikistan (1992–present)

Emperor Dezong of Tang

Emperor of China

Emperor Gaozong of Tang

Emperor of the Tang Dynasty (628-683) (r. 649-683)

Emperor Gaozu of Han

Founding emperor of the Han Dynasty (256–195 BC)

Emperor Go-Daigo

Emperor of Japan

Emperor Guangwu of Han

Emperor and founder of the Eastern Han Dynasty (r. 25–57 CE)

Emperor Huizong of Song

12th-century Chinese emperor and artist

121st Emperor of Japan (reigned 1846-1867)

Emperor of Japan from 1867 until 1912

Emperor of Japan

Emperor Taishō

Emperor of Japan from 1912 until 1926

Emperor Taizong of Tang

Emperor of China from 626 to 649

Emperor Taizu of Jin

Emperor of the Jin dynasty

Emperor Taizu of Song

Emperor of China from 960 to 976

Emperor Wen of Sui

1St Emperor of Sui Dynasty

Emperor Wu of Han

Seventh emperor of the Han dynasty of China (157 BC–87 BC)

Emperor Wu of Jin

Emperor of the Jin Dynasty

Emperor Wu of Northern Zhou

Emperor of Northern Zhou

Emperor Wu of Song

Emperor of Liu Song

Emperor Xianzong of Tang

Emperor of the Tang Dynasty

Emperor Xiaowen of Northern Wei

Emperor of Northern Wei Dynasty

Emperor Xuanzong of Tang

7th emperor of the Tang Dynasty

Emperor Yang of Sui

Emperor of China from 604 to 618

Emperor Yingzong of Ming

6Th Emperor of the Ming dynasty

Empress Dowager Cixi

Regent of the Qing Dynasty (1835–1908)

Empress Matilda

Claimant to the English throne during the Anarchy (1102–1167)

Empress Myeongseong

Queen Consort and Regent of Joseon

British politician (1912–1998)

Doge of Venice (1107-1205)

Enrique Peña Nieto

64th president of Mexico

Leader of Albania from 1944 to 1985

Epitácio Pessoa

11th President of Brazil

20th-century Grenadian politician; 1st Prime Minister (1974–79)

First Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago

20th-century German communist politician

German communist official

Erik of Pomerania

Duke of Pomerania-Stolp

16th-century Swedish king

Ernest Shonekan

Interim President of Nigeria in 1993

29th President of Brazil

Colombian politician

Ernesto Zedillo

61st president of Mexico

Barbadian politician

Eugenia Charles

Prime Minister of Dominica

Eurico Gaspar Dutra

13th President of Brazil

Eurydice II of Macedon

Macedonian queen (c. 337–317 BC)

Argentine actress and politician

President of Bolivia from 2006 to 2019

320–360 ruler of the Kingdom of Aksum

F. J. Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1827 to 1828

State President of South Africa from 1989 to 1994

President of Haiti (1806-1878)

Fahd of Saudi Arabia

Saudi king from 1982 to 2005

Faisal I of Iraq

1st king of Hashemite Iraq

3rd king of Hashemite Iraq

Faisal of Saudi Arabia

King of Saudi Arabia from 1964 to 1975

Farouk of Egypt

King of Egypt and the Sudan from 1936 to 1952

Fath-Ali Shah Qajar

Second Shah of Qajar Iran

Faustin Soulouque

President and emperor of Haiti (1782-1867)

Federico Tinoco Granados

Costa Rican politician (1868-1931)

Felipe Calderón

63rd president of Mexico

Felipe González

Spanish politician

Felix Dzerzhinsky

Bolshevik revolutionary and Soviet politician

7th President of the French Republic

Félix Houphouët-Boigny

Doctor, Ivorian politician, first president of Côte d'Ivoire (1905-1993)

Chinese general and politician

Feodor I of Russia

Feodor III of Russia

Ferdinand I of León

King of León (c.1015-1065) (r. 1037-1065)

Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies

King of the Two Sicilies

Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor

16th century Holy Roman Emperor, Archduke of Austria and Infante of Spain

Ferdinand II of Aragon

King of Aragon, Sicily, Naples, and Valencia (1452–1516)

Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor

Holy Roman Emperor from 1619 to 1637

Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor

17th century Habsburg Holy Roman Emperor

Ferdinand Marcos

President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986

Ferenc Szálasi

Fascist leader of Hungary from 1944 to 1945

Algerian pharmacist, writer and politician

Fernán González of Castile

Count of Castile and Burgos (c. 910–970)

Fernando Belaúnde

President of Peru

Chief Executive of Macau (2009-2019)

Fernando Collor de Mello

32nd President of Brazil

Fernando Henrique Cardoso

34th President of Brazil

Paraguayan politician

Former President of Botswana

Leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2008

President of the Philippines from 1992 to 1998

Fiorello La Guardia

American politician (1882–1947)

Floriano Peixoto

President of Brazil from 1891 to 1894

2nd President of Guyana

Third president of Lebanon (1902-1973)

France-Albert René

President of Seychelles

Frances Perkins

American politician (1880–1965)

Francesco I Sforza

Italian condottiero, founder of the Sforza dynasty

Francis I of France

King of France from 1515-1547

Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor

Holy Roman Emperor from 1745 to 1765

Francis II of France

King of France from 1559 to 1560

Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor

Habsburg monarch from 1792 to 1835

Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves

President of Brazil from 1902 to 1906

Francisco de Paula Santander

Colombian military and political leader (1792-1840)

Francisco Franco

Spanish general and dictator who ruled from 1939-75

Francisco I. Madero

19th and 20th-century Mexican revolutionary leader and president

Francisco Javier Arana

Guatemalan politician

Francisco Macías Nguema

Equatoguinean politician, 1st and former President of Equatorial Guinea (1924-1979)

Francisco Morales Bermúdez

Peruvian general and politician

Francisco Morazán

Honduran general and politician (1792–1842)

Francisco Solano López

2nd President of Paraguay (served 1862-1870)

Francisco Xavier do Amaral

Timorese (1937-2012)

François Bozizé

6th President of the Central African Republic

François Duvalier

Former President-Dictator of Haiti

François Grimaldi

Monegasque noble

François Hollande

24th President of the French Republic

François Mitterrand

21st President of the French Republic (1981-95)

François Tombalbaye

President of Chad

Françoise d'Aubigné, Marquise de Maintenon

Royal consort of France

Frank B. Kellogg

American politician, and 45th Secretary of State in the United States

Australian politician

Franklin D. Roosevelt

President of the United States from 1933 to 1945

Franklin Pierce

President of the United States from 1853 to 1857

Franz Joseph I of Austria

Emperor of Austria (1848–1916)

Frederick Barbarossa

Holy Roman Emperor from 1155 to 1190

Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor

13th century Hohenstaufen Holy Roman Emperor

Frederick III, German Emperor

19th century German Emperor for ninety-nine days

Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor

Holy Roman Emperor from 1452 to 1493

Frederick North, Lord North

Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1770 to 1782

Frederick the Great

King of Prussia from 1740 to 1786

Frederick William I of Prussia

King of Prussia

Frederick William III of Prussia

King of Prussia

Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg

Elector of Brandenburg

Fructuoso Rivera

1st President of Uruguay (1830-34)

Fu Jian (337–385)

Heavenly King of Great Qin

President of the Republic of the Congo (1917-1972)

Fulgencio Batista

Cuban politician (1901–1973)

Prime Minister of Japan (1937–1939; 1940–1941)

Former President of Sudan

Gabriel García Moreno

President of Ecuador 1860-1865; 1869; 1869-1875

Gabriel González Videla

Chilean politician (1898-1980)

5th-century King of the Vandals and Alans

Ancient Rome politician

Roman general, statesman and military reformer

Prime minister of the Majapahit Empire

Roman emperor from AD 68 to 69

Italian diplomat and politician (1903–1944)

Roman emperor from 253 to 268

President of Ecuador (1948 - 1952)

Gamal Abdel Nasser

2nd President of Egypt (1954-70)

Gaspard II de Coligny

French nobleman and Admiral of France

French politician

Gebre Meskel Lalibela

Emperor of Ethiopia during Zagwe dynasty from 1181 to 1221

Grand Duke of Lithuania

Tyrant of Syracuse (died 478 BC)

Founder of the Mongol Empire (c. 1162–1227)

George Brown (Canadian politician)

Scottish-born Canadian politician

George Cadle Price

Leader of Belize (1961–1984, 1989–1993)

Prime Minister of the UK 1827

George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston

British Viceroy of India and Foreign Secretary

George F. Kennan

American advisor, diplomat, political scientist and historian

George Grenville

British Prime Minister

British soldier, explorer, colonial administrator and writer (1812–1898)

George H. W. Bush

President of the United States from 1989 to 1993

George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1852 to 1855

George I of Great Britain

King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1714 to 1727

George I of Greece

King of Greece (r. 1863–1913)

George II of Great Britain

King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1727 to 1760

George II of Greece

King of the Hellenes

King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1760 to 1820

King of the United Kingdom and Hanover from 1820 to 1830

George J. Mitchell

American politician, diplomat, and judge

American delegate from Virginia to the U.S. Constitutional Convention

George McGovern

American politician

George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle

English soldier and politician (1608-1670)

George Sutherland

Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, United States Senator, member of the United States House of Representatives (1862-1942)

King of Tonga from 1845 to 1893

King of the United Kingdom from 1910 to 1936

George Vassiliou

3rd President of the Republic of Cyprus (1988-1993)

King of the United Kingdom from 1936 to 1952

George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham

English politician

President of the United States from 2001 to 2009

American politician (1919–1998)

George Washington

Founding Father, U.S. president from 1789 to 1797

George-Étienne Cartier

Canadian politician and lawyer (1814-1873)

Georges Clemenceau

32nd Prime Minister of France

Georges Pompidou

President of France from 1969 to 1974

Georgi Dimitrov

Bulgarian politician

Georgios Tsolakoglou

Prime Minister of Greece (1886–1948)

Georgy Malenkov

Soviet politician (1902–1988)

President of the United States from 1974 to 1977

Geraldine Ferraro

American lawyer and politician (1935–2011)

Gerardo Machado

President of Cuba

Gerhard Schröder

Chancellor of Germany from 1998 to 2005

Irish Politician

Roman emperor from 209 to 211

Getúlio Vargas

President of Brazil (1930–1945, 1951–1954)

2nd king of Hashemite Iraq

Founding emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty (r. 1802–04)

Girolamo Savonarola

Italian Dominican reformer (1452–1498)

Giulio Andreotti

Italian politician and political leader; 41st Prime Minister of Italy (1972-73, 1976-79, 1989-92)

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

President of the Philippines from 2001 to 2010

Gnassingbé Eyadéma

20th and 21st-century President of Togo

2nd Prime Minister of Singapore

Gojong of Korea

26th king of Joseon, first emperor of the Korean Empire

Prime Minister of Israel from 1969 to 1974

Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada

President of Bolivia

Goodluck Jonathan

President of Nigeria from 2010 to 2015

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2007 to 2010

Gorgo, Queen of Sparta

Queen of Sparta

Australian politician, 21st Prime Minister of Australia

Gouverneur Morris

American Founding Father and politician

Gracchi brothers

Ancient Roman brothers known for their social reforms

Grégoire Kayibanda

Rwandan politician, 1st and former President of Rwanda

Gregor Strasser

German politician, rival of Adolf Hitler inside the Nazi Party (1892-1934)

Grigory Potemkin

Russian military leader and statesman (1739–1791)

Grigory Zinoviev

Russian revolutionary and Soviet politician (1883–1936)

Gro Harlem Brundtland

Norwegian politician

Grover Cleveland

President of the United States, 1885–89 and 1893–97

Guadalupe Victoria

First president of Mexico (1786–1845)

Gualberto Villarroel

Bolivian military officer and 39th President of Bolivia

Guangxu Emperor

11th Emperor of Qing-dynasty China (1875-1908)

Guillermo Endara

President of Panama (1936-2009)

Guillermo Lasso

President of Ecuador

First maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir

Gulzarilal Nanda

Two-time Acting Prime Minister of India

Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow

President of Turkmenistan

King of Sweden from 1771 until his assassination in 1792

Gustav Stresemann

Weimar-era German politician

16th century king of Sweden

Gustavo Díaz Ordaz

President of Mexico from 1964 to 1970

Gustavo Rojas Pinilla

26th President of Colombia (1900-1975)

Gustavus Adolphus

King of Sweden from 1611 to 1632

Gwanggaeto the Great

King of the Goguryeo dynasty of Korea (374–413) (r. 391–413)

Gwangjong of Goryeo

Goryeo ruler (925-975)

Gyalsey Tenzin Rabgye

Bhutnaese king (1638-1696)

Gyanendra of Nepal

Former King of Nepal

H. D. Deve Gowda

Prime Minister of India from 1996 to 1997

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1908 to 1916

Habib Bourguiba

President of Tunisia from 1957 to 1987

Roman emperor from 117 to 138

Former President of Syria

Hafizullah Amin

Afghan communist politician (1929–1979)

Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974

Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa

Emir/King of Bahrain since 1999

Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani

Emir of Qatar from 1995 to 2013

President of Niger from 1960 to 1974

President of Afghanistan

Hamilcar I of Carthage

King of Carthage

American politician and Governor

Hammer DeRoburt

President of Nauru

Sixth king of Babylon

Hannibal Hamlin

First Republican to serve as Vice President of the United States

Harald Bluetooth

King of Denmark and Norway

Harald Fairhair

Legendary first king of Norway

Harald Hardrada

11th-century King of Norway

Harold Godwinson

11th-century Anglo-Saxon King of England

Harold Harefoot

King of England

Prime Minister of Australia from 1966 to 1967

Harold Macmillan

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1957 to 1963

Harold Martin (New Caledonian politician)

New Caledonian politician

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1964–1970, 1974–1976)

American politician, former Senate Majority Leader

Harry S. Truman

President of the United States from 1945 to 1953

Emperor of Kannauj from 606 to 647

King of England and Denmark

Harun al-Rashid

Fifth Abbasid caliph

Hassan Gouled Aptidon

President of Djibouti (1916-2006)

Hassan II of Morocco

King of Morocco from 1961 to 1999

President of Iran since 2013

Hassanal Bolkiah

Sultan of Brunei

First president of Malawi

Egyptian queen and pharaoh, sixth ruler of the Eighteenth Dynasty (c. 1479/8–1458 BC)

King of Majapahit

Prime Minister of Japan from 1960 to 1964

Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein

Prussian and German politician (1757-1831)

Heinrich von Brühl

Polish-Saxon statesman (1700–1763)

37th Prime Minister of New Zealand

Chancellor of Germany from 1982 to 1998

Chancellor of West Germany (1974–1982)

Hendrik Verwoerd

Prime Minister of South Africa from 1958 to 1966

Henri Christophe

Henri, Count of Chambord

Count of Chambord, Duke of Bordeaux

Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg

Grand Duke of Luxembourg

Henry A. Wallace

Former Vice President of the United States

Henry Addington

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1804

Henry Cabot Lodge

American statesman

Henry Campbell-Bannerman

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1905 to 1908

American politician (1777–1852)

Henry I of England

King of England from 1100 to 1135

Henry I of France

King of the Franks from 1031 to 1060

Henry II of England

12th-century King of England, Duke of Aquitaine, and ruler of other European lands

Henry II of France

King of France from 1547 to 1559

Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor

11th century Ottonian Holy Roman Emperor

Henry III of England

13th-century King of England and Duke of Aquitaine

Henry III of France

King of France from 1574 to 1589

Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor

11th century Salian Holy Roman Emperor

Henry IV of England

15th-century King of England

Henry IV of France

King of France from 1589 to 1610; first king of the House of Bourbon

Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor

11th century Holy Roman Emperor of the Salian dynasty

Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston

19th-century British statesman who twice served as Prime Minister

Henry Kissinger

American diplomat and scholar (1923–2023)

Australian statesman and politician (1815-1896)

Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1743 to 1754

Henry the Fowler

King of East Francia from 919 to 936

Henry the Young King

Eldest surviving son of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine (1155-1183)

Henry V of England

King of England from 1413 to 1422

Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor

12th century Holy Roman Emperor of the Salian dynasty

Henry VI of England

15th-century King of England

Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor

12th century Hohenstaufen Holy Roman Emperor

Henry VII of England

King of England, 1485–1509

Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor

14th century Holy Roman Emperor of the House of Luxembourg

King of England from 1509 to 1547

Henryk Jabłoński

Polish politician

Byzantine emperor in 610–641

31st president of the United States

31st President of Bolivia

Herod the Great

Roman-appointed king of Judea in the 1st century BCE

Chinese politician (1750–1799)

Heungseon Daewongun

Soviet-Azerbaijani politician; President of Azerbaijan (1993-2003)

Native American leader and cofounder of the Iroquois League

Hibatullah Akhundzada

Supreme leader of Afghanistan since 2021

Prime Minister of Japan from 1941 to 1944

Hiero II of Syracuse

King of Syracuse

Hifikepunye Pohamba

2nd president of Namibia

Higinio Morínigo

President of Paraguay (1897-1983)

Hillary Clinton

American politician and diplomat (born 1947)

3rd century Queen of Yamataikoku

Hipólito Yrigoyen

14th and 16th President of Argentina

Governor of California

Emperor of Japan from 1926 to 1989

Hissène Habré

5th president of Chad

Leader of North Vietnam from 1945 to 1969

Hōjō Tokimune

Japanese Regent

Founding emperor of the Qing dynasty from 1636 to 1643

Emperor of China from 1368 to 1398

Hongzhi Emperor

Emperor of China from 1487 to 1505

Honoré I, Lord of Monaco

Lord of Monaco (1522-1581)

Honoré III, Prince of Monaco

Prince of Monaco

President of Paraguay from 2013 to 2018

Final Pharaoh of the 18th dynasty of Egypt

4th President of Egypt (1981-2011)

Houari Boumédiène

Second President of Algeria

General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party from 2002 to 2012

Former General Secretary of the Communist Party of China

Leader of China from 1976 to 1978

Sapa Inca of the Inca Empire

Hubert Humphrey

38th Vice President of the United States

Hubert Ingraham

Prime Minister of the Bahamas

First president of Benin (1916-2000)

American politician from Louisiana (1893–1935)

King of the Franks, Founder of the Capetian Dynasty

51st President of Bolivia

45th president of Venezuela (1999-2013)

Western Asian Mongol ruler (c. 1217–1265)

Badshah of the Mughal Empire

Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco

26th President of Brazil (1964-67)

Prime Minister of Cambodia (1985–1993, 1998–2023)

Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy

Bengali politician,lawyer and Prime Minister of Pakistan

Hussain Muhammad Ershad

Former President of Bangladesh

Hussein bin Ali, King of Hejaz

Sharif and Emir of Mecca and King of Hejaz (1854-1931)

Hussein of Jordan

King of Jordan (r. 1952–1999)

First Sultan and de facto ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore

Hyeokgeose of Silla

Founding monarch of the ancient Korean kingdom of Silla

Former president of Bangladesh (1931-2012)

Northern Irish politician and religious leader

Prime Minister of Rhodesia from 1964 to 1979

Founder of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (1875–1953)

Ibrahim Babangida

Nigerian soldier and statesman

Ibrahim II of Ifriqiya

Emir of Ifriqiya from 875 to 902

Maldivian politician, 2nd president of the Maldives (1922-2008)

Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt

Wāli of Egypt, Sudan, Syria (incl. Palestine and Transjordan), Hejaz, Morea, Thasos, Crete

President of Uganda from 1971 to 1979

Last King of Libya from 1951-1969

6th President of Chad (from 1990–2021)

I-Kiribati politician

Ignacy Mościcki

Polish politician; President of Poland (1926-1939)

President of Azerbaijan since 2003

13th century ruler of the Delhi Sultinate

10th First Lady of the Philippines

Hungarian politician

Inder Kumar Gujral

12th Prime Minister of India

Prime Minister of India from 1966 to 1977 and 1980 to 1984

Conducător of Romania from 1940 to 1944

President of Romania (1990–1996, 2000–2004)

Irene of Athens

Byzantine empress from 797 to 802

Egyptian pharaoh

Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa

Emir of Bahrain from 1961 to 1999

36th President of Argentina (1974-76)

Isabella I of Castile

Queen of Castile and León from 1474 to 1504

President of Eritrea since 1993

President of Uzbekistan from 1991 to 2016

Shah of Safavid Iran from 1501 to 1524

Ismail Ibn Sharif

Sultan of Morocco from 1672 to 1727

Ismaïl Omar Guelleh

President of Djibouti (1999-present)

Isma'il Pasha of Egypt

Khedive (viceroy) of Egypt and Sudan from 1863 to 1879

Amir of the Samanid Empire

İsmet İnönü

Turkish politician (1884–1973)

Itagaki Taisuke

Japanese politician (1837–1919)

33rd President of Brazil

Prime Minister of Japan (1885–1888, 1892–1896, 1898, 1900–1901)

Emperor of Bulgaria (ruled 1218-1241)

33rd President of Colombia

Ivan III of Russia

Grand Duke of Moscow from 1462 to 1505, Lord of all Rus

Ivan the Terrible

Tsar of Russia from 1547 to 1584

Iziaslav I of Kiev

Grand Prince of Kiev (Kyiv)

J. B. M. Hertzog

Boer general (1866-1942)

J. R. Jayewardene

President of Sri Lanka from 1978 to 1989

Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah

Emir of Kuwait from 1977 to 2006

Prime Minister of New Zealand from 2017 to 2023

Jack Lang (Australian politician)

Australian politician (1876–1975)

President of South Africa from 2009 to 2018

President of Guatemala from 1951–54

Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis

35th First Lady of the United States

President of France from 1995 to 2007

French politician

Prime Minister of Luxembourg

Jacques-Charles Dupont de l'Eure

French politician (1767-1855)

Jadwiga of Poland

Queen of Poland from 1384 to 1399

4th Mughal Emperor (1569–1627)

Venezuelan Politician (1924-2014)

Jaime Roldós Aguilera

33rd President of Ecuador (1979-81)

President of Brazil

6th president of Iraq

Jalal-ud-Din Khalji

James A. Garfield

20th President of the United States

President of the United States from 1857 to 1861

James Callaghan

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1976 to 1979

James G. Blaine

American Republican politician

James I of Aragon

13th-century King of Aragon

James I of Scotland

King of Scots from 1406 to 1437

James II of Aragon

King of Aragon and Valencia, Count of Barcelona and King of Sicily (1267-1327)

James II of England

King of England, Scotland and Ireland from 1685 to 1688

James II of Scotland

James III of Scotland

King of Scots (1460 to 1488)

James IV of Scotland

King of Scotland

President of the United States from 1845 to 1849

4th president of the United States

President of Seychelles

5th president of the United States, from 1817-1825

James Stanhope, 1st Earl Stanhope

British general and politician

King of Scotland from 1513 to 1542

King of Scotland from 1567 to 1625, King of England and Ireland from 1603

Jamshid bin Abdullah of Zanzibar

Sultan of Zanzibar

South African statesman and military leader (1870–1950)

Jan van Riebeeck

Dutch colonial governor (1619–1677)

Third wife of Henry VIII of England

President of Guyana, Prime Minister of Guyana, nurse

Jang Song-thaek

North Korean government official (1946–2013)

Jangsu of Goguryeo

The king of the Goguryeo dynasty of Korea

Former President of Brazil

Former General Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party

Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani

Founder of the modern Qatar

Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan I

Pandyan emperor from 1251 to 1268

Javier Pérez de Cuéllar

5th Secretary-General of the United Nations

Jawaharlal Nehru

First Prime Minister of India

9th-century king of Cambodia

Cambodian king (c. 1122–1218)

22nd Prime Minister of Canada

French Socialist leader (1859–1914)

French political economist regarded by as a chief architect of European unity (1888-1979)

Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg

Grand Duke of Luxembourg from 1964 to 2000

Jean-Baptiste Colbert

French statesman (1619–1683)

Jean-Bédel Bokassa

Central African politician

Jean-Bertrand Aristide

Haitian priest and politician; President of Haiti (1991, 1994-96, 2001-04)

Jean-Claude Duvalier

President of Haiti from 1971 to 1986

Jean-Claude Juncker

Luxembourgish and European Union politician (born 1954)

Jean-Jacques Dessalines

Leader of Haitian Revolution and first ruler of independent Haiti (1758-1806)

Jean-Marie Le Pen

French politician (1928–2025)

Jeannette Rankin

First woman elected to Congress, in 1916

Jean-Pierre Boyer

2nd President of Haiti (1776-1850)

Jefferson Davis

President of the Confederate States from 1861 to 1865

Jeongjo of Joseon

22nd ruler of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea

Governor of California (1975–1983; 2011–2019)

Fourth President of the Republic of Ghana

American politician

Jiajing Emperor

12th Emperor of the Ming dynasty

Chinese Political Figure

General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party from 1989 to 2002

Jiaqing Emperor

Prince Jia of the First Rank

Jigme Dorji Wangchuck

Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck

Jigme Singye Wangchuck

King Father of Bhutan

Jigme Wangchuck

President of the United States from 1977 to 1981

Jingtai Emperor

Emperor of the Ming Dynasty

Jinheung of Silla

24th monarch of Silla (r. 540–576)

Joanna of Castile

Queen of Castile

João Bernardo Vieira

2nd President of Guinea-Bissau (1984-99, 2005-09)

João Figueiredo

The 30th President of Brazil

President of Brazil from 1961 to 1964

Joaquim Chissano

2nd President of Mozambique

Joaquín Balaguer

President of the Dominican Republic (1906-2002)

Khan of the Ulus of Jochi

President of the United States from 2021 to 2025

Joh Bjelke-Petersen

Australian politician

Dutch golden age republican statesman

1st President of Suriname

Johann II, Prince of Liechtenstein

Prince of Liechtenstein

John A. Macdonald

Prime Minister of Canada (1867–1873; 1878–1891)

Founding Father, U.S. president from 1797 to 1801

King of Scotland from 1292 to 1296

John C. Breckinridge

Confederate States Army general and Vice President of the United States

John C. Calhoun

Vice President of the United States from 1825 to 1832

1st and former Prime Minister of Saint Lucia

Australian politician, 14th Prime Minister of Australia

John Diefenbaker

Prime Minister of Canada from 1957 to 1963

American politician

John F. Kennedy

President of the United States from 1961 to 1963

John Foster Dulles

United States Secretary of State (1888–1959)

Prime Minister of Australia from 1968 to 1971

John Graves Simcoe

British army officer

American Patriot and statesman during the American Revolution (1737–1793)

Australian politician

Former leader of the SDLP

John I of France

King of France and Navarre in 1316

John II Casimir Vasa

John II Komnenos

Emperor and Autocrat of the Romans

John II of France

John II of Portugal

King of Portugal from 1481 to 1495

John III of Portugal

King of Portugal

John III Sobieski

King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1674-1696

John IV of Portugal

King of Portugal

American politician, diplomat, and Founding Father

68th U.S. Secretary of State

38th Prime Minister of New Zealand

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1990 to 1997

American statesman and military officer

John Nance Garner

American politician

John Quincy Adams

6th President of the United States (1825-29)

American politician

John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute

British statesman (1713–1792)

John Swan (Bermudian politician)

Bermudian political figure (born 1935)

American politician (1824–1907)

President of the United States from 1841 to 1845

John VI of Portugal

King of Portugal from 1816 to 1826

English leader of Massachusetts Bay Colony (1587–1649)

John, King of England

13th-century King of England and grantor of Magna Carta

Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi

Military head of state of Nigeria in 1966

President of Indonesia from 2014 to 2024

President of Kenya from 1964 to 1978

45th Prime Minister of the Netherlands

Jorge Rafael Videla

37th President of Argentina

Guatemalan dictator

Vice President of Brazil from 2003 to 2011

José Antonio Páez

President of Venezuela (1790-1873)

President of Peru

José Batlle y Ordóñez

Politician, President of Uruguay

José de la Riva Agüero

President of Peru in 1823

José de San Martín

Argentine military leader and Libertador

José Eduardo dos Santos

Angolan politician

José Félix Uriburu

17th President of Argentina

José Figueres Ferrer

32nd, 34th, and 38th President of Costa Rica

José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia

Paraguayan lawyer, politician and dictator (1766-1840)

José Gutiérrez Guerra

28th President of Bolivia

José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero

Spanish politician

José Manuel Balmaceda

10th President of Chile (1886-91)

José María Aznar

Spanish politician

José María Moncada

President of Nicaragua (1870-1945)

José María Orellana

Guatemalan President (1872-1926)

José María Velasco Ibarra

Presidente de Ecuador (1934- 1935) / (1944 - 1947) / (1952 - 1956) / (1960 - 1961) / (1968 - 1972)

José Miguel Carrera

Chilean military officer; independence leader (1785–1821)

José Miguel Gómez

President of Cuba

Uruguayan farmer and politician

José Napoleón Duarte

President of El Salvador (1925-1990)

José Ramos-Horta

4th President of East Timor (2007-2012)

José Santos Zelaya

Nicaraguan politician

President of Brazil from 1985 to 1990

José Trinidad Cabañas

President of Honduras (1805-1871)

Joseph Bonaparte

King of Spain and the Indies

Mohawk leader (1742-1807)

Joseph Chamberlain

British politician

Joseph Goebbels

Nazi politician and Propaganda Minister

Joseph Gurney Cannon

American politician

Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor

18th century Habsburg Holy Roman Emperor

Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor

18th century Holy Roman Emperor of Austrian enlightenment

Joseph Jenkins Roberts

American-born President of Liberia (1809–1876)

President of the DR Congo from 2001 to 2019

Joseph McCarthy

American politician

Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.

American businessman and politician (1888–1969)

Leader of the Soviet Union from 1924 to 1953

Joséphine de Beauharnais

Empress of the French, first wife of Napoleon

Josip Broz Tito

Leader of Yugoslavia from 1945 to 1980

Malawian politician

Józef Cyrankiewicz

Polish politician

Józef Piłsudski

Polish statesman (1867–1935)

President of the Slovak Republic from 1939 to 1945

Juan Antonio Ríos

Chilean politician and President (1888-1946)

Former King of Spain

Juan Carlos Onganía

30th President of Argentina

Juan Crisóstomo Falcón

President of Venezuela (1820-1870)

Venezuelan politician and engineer

Juan José Arévalo

Guatemalan politician

Juan José Flores

President of Ecuador

Juan José Torres

Bolivian socialist politician and President from 1970 to 1971

Juan Manuel de Rosas

Argentine politician and general

Juan Manuel Santos

32nd President of Colombia

Juan María Bordaberry

Uruguayan politician and rancher (1928-2011)

Juan Mora Fernández

1st elected head of state of Costa Rica (1784-1854)

24th and 35th President of Argentina

Juan Velasco Alvarado

President of Peru (1910-1977)

Juan Vicente Gómez

Venezuelan military general, politician

Judah P. Benjamin

American secessionist politician and lawyer, first Jewish U.S. Senator who served without renouncing his faith, first Jewish Cabinet member.

French politician (1832-1893)

Australian politician and lawyer, 27th Prime Minister of Australia

Juliana of the Netherlands

Queen of the Netherlands

Julio Argentino Roca

4th and 9th President of Argentina

Julio María Sanguinetti

35st and 37st President of Uruguay

Roman general and dictator (100–44 BC)

Formally the last Western Roman emperor from 474 to 480

President of Tanzania from 1964 to 1985

Junichiro Koizumi

Prime Minister of Japan from 2001 to 2006

Juscelino Kubitschek

President of Brazil from 1956 to 1961

Prime Minister of Canada from 2015 to 2025

Byzantine emperor from 527 to 565 AD

Juvénal Habyarimana

2nd President of Rwanda from 1973 until assassinated in 1994

K. R. Narayanan

The 10th President of India

Queen consort of Hawaii

King of the Hawaiian Islands

Bangladeshi politician

Vice president of the United States since 2021

King of Hawaii from 1795 to 1819

King of the Hawaiian Islands

Monarch of the Hawaiian Islands

King of the Hawaiian Islands

Monarch of the Hawaiian Islands

President of Fiji

Final Pharaoh of Theban seventeenth dynasty of Egypt

3rd Emperor of the Qing dynasty

1st-century CE emperor of the Kushan dynasty in South Asia

Historical Chola king who ruled southern India

Karim Khan Zand

Kushite King of Napata

Kassym-Jomart Tokayev

President of Kazakhstan since 2019

Japanese general and politician (1848-1913)

Kaysone Phomvihane

First General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (r. 1955-1992)

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom since 2024

20th-century Governor-General, Prime Minister of New Zealand, politician

Kennedy Simmonds

Prime Minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis

First President of Zambia

Kenneth MacAlpin

King of the Picts from 848 to 858

King of Singhasari

26th Prime Minister of Australia

Kgalema Motlanthe

3rd President of South Africa

Ancient Egyptian pharaoh of 4th dynasty

Former prime minister of Bangladesh, chairperson of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party-BNP

Khalid of Saudi Arabia

King of Saudi Arabia (1975—1982)

Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan

2nd Ra'is of the United Arab Emirates

Last pharaoh of the second dynasty of Egypt

Khawaja Nazimuddin

Bengali politician and Prime Minister of Pakistan (1894-1964)

Khertek Anchimaa-Toka

Tuvan and Soviet politician

Khorloogiin Choibalsan

Mongolian leader and general

Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire from 531 to 579

Shah (king) of the Sasanian Empire (reigned 590–628)

Fourth Dynasty ancient Egyptian pharaoh

Japanese samurai of the Mito Domain and one of the three great nobles who led the Meiji Restoration (1833-1877)

19th Prime Minister of Canada

8th President of South Korea (1998-2003)

Founder and first leader of North Korea

Second supreme leader of North Korea

Leader of North Korea since 2011

Brother of North Korean leader Kim Jong-un

Korean independence activist (1876–1949)

South Korean educator, activist, journalist, entrepreneur and politician (1891-1955)

North Korean politician (born 1987)

Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly

President of South Korea from 1993 to 1998

King Wu of Zhou

Founder of China's Zhou dynasty

King Zhaoxiang of Qin

Kʼinich Janaabʼ Pakal

Ajaw of Palenque

Klemens von Metternich

Austrian diplomat, foreign minister and Chancellor (1773–1859)

Klement Gottwald

5th President of Czechoslovakia

Secretary-General of the United Nations from 1997 to 2006

Konrad Adenauer

German statesman, Federal Chancellor of Germany, politician (CDU)

Konstantin Chernenko

1984–1985 General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

Konstantinos Karamanlis

Greek politician (1907–1998)

17th-century Chinese military leader and founder of the Tungning Kingdom of Taiwan

Krishnadevaraya

Emperor of the Vijayanagara Empire (ruled 1509-1529)

Khan of Bulgaria

Mongol emperor of China from 1271 to 1294

Kujula Kadphises

1st-century CE Kushan emperor

Thai politician (1911-1995)

Maharajadhiraja, Parama-bhattaraka, Paramadvaita, Mahendraditya

Kurmanbek Bakiyev

20th and 21st-century Kyrgyzstani politician

Kurt Georg Kiesinger

Chancellor of West Germany from 1966–1969

4th Secretary-General of the United Nations (1972-81), President of Austria (1986-92)

President of Ghana from 1960 to 1966

Nahua aide to Hernan Cortez

Lachlan Macquarie

Scottish British army officer and New South Wales colonial administrator (1762-1824)

Disputed Queen of England and Ireland in 1553

Lal Bahadur Shastri

2nd prime minister of India

20th and 21st-century President of Guinea

Datu of Mactan in the Visayas

Laura Chinchilla

46th President of Costa Rica

President of Côte d'Ivoire from 2000 to 2011

Laurent-Désiré Kabila

President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1997–2001

Lázaro Cárdenas

51st president of Mexico

Lê Đức Thọ

Vietnamese diplomat (1911–1990)

Founding Emperor of the Later Lê dynasty

Lê Thánh Tông

Emperor of Đại Việt (1442-1497) (r. 1460-1497)

Lech Kaczyński

Polish politician, democratic oppositionist, ministry of justice, president of Poland

President of Poland from 1990 to 1995

Lee Hsien Loong

3rd Prime Minister of Singapore

Prime Minister of Singapore from 1959 to 1990

17th President of South Korea

President of Taiwan from 1988 to 2000

46th President of Ecuador

Leo I (emperor)

Eastern Roman emperor from 457 to 474

Leo III the Isaurian

Emperor of the Romans

Belgian politician and Nazi collaborator (1906–1994)

León Febres Cordero

President of Ecuador (1984-1988)

Prime Minister of Gabon (1959-61), 1st President of Gabon (1961-67)

Soviet politician and revolutionary (1879–1940)

Leonid Brezhnev

General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, 1964–1982

Leonid Kravchuk

President of Ukraine from 1991 to 1994

Second president of Ukraine

Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor

17/18th century Holy Roman Emperor

Leopold II of Belgium

King of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909

Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor

18th century Habsburg Holy Roman Emperor

Leopold III of Belgium

King of the Belgians from 1934 to 1951

Léopold Sédar Senghor

First president of Senegal, poet, and cultural theorist (1906-2001)

Leopoldo Galtieri

40th President of Argentina

Leslie Goonewardene

Sri Lankan politician

Lester B. Pearson

14th Prime Minister of Canada

King of Lesotho

Leung Chun-ying

Chinese politician

Bolshevik revolutionary and Soviet politician (1883-1936)

Levon Ter-Petrosyan

Armenian politician

United States Army officer and politician (1782–1866)

Co-founder of the Chinese Communist Party (1889–1927)

Former Premier of the People's Republic of China (1928–2019)

Former President of the People's Republic of China

Liaquat Ali Khan

First Prime Minister of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan

56th President of Bolivia

Uncrowned Emperor of Ethiopia

Last monarch of the Hawaiian Kingdom

Chairman of the National Government of China (1868-1943)

Chinese warlord and founding Emperor of Shu Han (161–223)

2nd President of the People's Republic of China (1898–1969)

Liu Yuan (Han-Zhao)

Emperor of Han Zhao

Liutprand, King of the Lombards

King of the Lombards

Llywelyn ab Iorwerth

Prince of Gwynedd and de facto Prince of Wales

Llywelyn ap Gruffudd

Prince of Wales 1258–1282

King of Matabeleland (reigned 1868-1894)

Lorenzo de' Medici

Lord of Florence from 1469 to 1492

Emperor of the Carolingian Empire from 817-855

Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor

Holy Roman Emperor from 1133 to 1137

Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême

Duke of Angoulême

South African politician

Louis I of Hungary

King of Hungary and Croatia from 1342 to 1382

Louis II of Italy

Ruler of the Carolingian Empire from 844 to 875

Louis II, Prince of Monaco

Prince of Monaco

Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor

14th century Holy Roman Emperor of the house of Wittelsbach

Louis IX of France

King of France from 1226 to 1270

Louis Philippe I

Last King of the French

Louis St. Laurent

12th Prime Minister of Canada

Louis the Pious

Emperor of the Carolingian Empire from 813 to 840

Louis VI of France

King of the Franks

Louis VII of France

King of France from 1137 to 1180

Louis VIII of France

King of France from 1223 to 1226

Louis X of France

Valois king of France

17th-century King of France

King of France from 1643 to 1715

King of France from 1774 to 1792

Duke of Normandy / Dauphin of France

Louis-Eugène Cavaignac

French general (1802–1857)

Louis-Jules Trochu

French head of state

Lu Wei (politician)

Chinese politician

Lucina da Costa Gomez-Matheeuws

Dutch politician

Lucius Junius Brutus

Semi-legendary founder of the Roman Republic

Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus

Roman politician and military figure

Lucius Tarquinius Superbus

Seventh and last king of Rome (r. c. 535 BC - c. 509 BC)

Roman emperor from 161 to 169

Late 6th century BC Roman noblewoman whose rape by an Etruscan prince led to the overthrow of the monarchy

German politician

Ludwig II of Bavaria

King of Bavaria from 1864 to 1886

Sumerian King from c. 2370 - 2316 BC

Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias

Brazilian officer and politician

Luis Carlos Galán

Colombian politician (1943-1989)

Luis Echeverría

57th president of Mexico

Luis Herrera Campins

President of Venezuela

Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro

Peruvian politician (1889–1933)

Luis Muñoz Marín

First elected governor of Puerto Rico (1949–1965)

Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva

President of Brazil (2003–2011, 2023–present)

King of the Hawaiian Islands

Legislator of Sparta

Lynden Pindling

Bahamian politician (1930-2000)

Lyndon B. Johnson

President of the United States from 1963 to 1969

Macedonian officer (c. 360–281 BCE)

Lyudvig Chibirov

South Ossetian politician; former President of South Ossetia (born 1938)

President of Taiwan from 2008 to 2016

Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya

President of Mauritania from 1984 to 2005

Macbeth, King of Scotland

11th-century King of Scotland

Roman emperor from 217 to 218

Madame de Pompadour

Chief mistress of Louis XV of France

Peshwa of Maratha Empire from 1761 to 1772

Mahathir Mohamad

Prime Minister of Malaysia (1981–2003, 2018–2020)

Mahendra of Nepal

King of Nepal from 1955 to 1972

President of Palestine since 2005

Mahmoud Ahmadinejad

President of Iran from 2005 to 2013

Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1808 to 1839

Mahmud of Ghazni

Ghaznavid sultan from 998 to 1030 (971–1030)

Archbishop of Cyprus from 1950 to 1977 and 1st President of Cyprus

Australian politician

Malcolm Turnbull

29th Prime Minister of Australia

Malietoa Tanumafili II

Malietoa in Samoa (1913-2007)

Prime Minister of India from 2004 to 2014

Manuel Amador Guerrero

President of Panama (1833-1909)

Spanish Republican; Prime Minister & President (1880–1940)

Manuel Blanco Encalada

Chilean politician and President (1790-1876)

Manuel Estrada Cabrera

Guatemalan President

Manuel I Komnenos

Emperor and Autocrat of the Romans

Manuel I of Portugal

King of Portugal

Manuel L. Quezon

Second president of the Philippines

Former Panamanian military head of state

Manuel Pinto da Costa

1st President of São Tomé and Príncipe

First President of the Philippines

Manuel Urrutia Lleó

President of Cuba from January to July 1959

Honduran politician

Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China

Marcos Pérez Jiménez

Venezuelan military officer and dictator of Venezuela (1950-58)

Marcus Aurelius

Roman emperor from 161 to 180, Stoic philosopher

Margaret Chase Smith

American politician

Margaret I of Denmark

Queen regnant of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden

Margaret Thatcher

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990

Margaret, Maid of Norway

Margot Honecker

East German politician (1927-2016)

Maria II of Portugal

Queen of Portugal

Ruler of the Habsburg dominions (1740-80) and the last of the House of Habsburg

Maria Zakharova

Russian diplomat and journalist

Mariano Melgarejo

15th President of Bolivia

Mariano Ospina Rodríguez

1st President of the Granadine Confederation (1805–1885)

Former Prime Minister of Spain

Mariano Rivera Paz

Guatemalan statesman; 1st President of Guatemala (1804-1849)

Marie Antoinette

Queen of France from 1774 to 1792

Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma

Duchess of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla

Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg

Grand Duchess of Luxembourg

French politician

Mario García Menocal

3rd President of Cuba (1913-1921)

Welsh Labour politician, First Minister of Wales

Republican United States Senator from Ohio

Martha Washington

First Lady of the United States from 1789 to 1797

Marthanda Varma

King of Travancore

Nazi Party leader and private secretary to Adolf Hitler

Martin McGuinness

Irish republican politician and IRA leader (1950–2017)

Martin Van Buren

President of the United States from 1837 to 1841

Martín Vizcarra

Former Peruvian president

Mary I of England

Queen of England and Ireland from 1553 to 1558

Joint Sovereign of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1662–1694)

President of Ireland from 1997 to 2011

Queen consort of George V of the United Kingdom and Empress of India

Mary, Queen of Hungary

14th century Queen of Hungary and Croatia

Mary, Queen of Scots

Queen of Scotland from 1542 to 1567

2nd century BC King of Numidia

Mathabarsingh Thapa

First prime minister of Nepal

Mathieu Kérékou

Beninese politician

Matilda I, Countess of Boulogne

12th-century countess and queen consort of King Stephen of England

Matsutarō Shōriki

Japanese journalist and media mogul

Matthias Corvinus

King of Hungary and Croatia

Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor

17th century Habsburg Holy Roman Emperor

Mátyás Rákosi

Hungarian Communist leader

Maumoon Abdul Gayoom

3rd President of the Maldives from 1978 to 2008

Maurice Yaméogo

Former president of Burkina Faso

Salvadoran politician

President of Argentina from 2015 to 2019

Maximilian I of Mexico

Austrian nobleman; first and only ruler of the Second Mexican Empire from 1864-67

Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor

16th century Holy Roman Emperor and Archduke of Austria

Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor

Holy Roman Emperor from 1564 to 1576

Maximiliano Hernández Martínez

President of El Salvador from 1931 to 1934 and 1935 to 1944

Maximinus Thrax

Roman emperor from 235 to 238

Nicaraguan politician

Megawati Sukarnoputri

President of Indonesia from 2001 to 2004

Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (r. 1444–1446, 1451–1481)

Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1648 to 1687

Prime Minister of Ethiopia from 1995 to 2012

6th Prime Minister of Israel (1977-83)

Indo-Greek king

Emperor of Ethiopia from 1889 to 1913

Empress consort of Ethiopia

Founder of Manetho's 1st dynasty and unifier of Egypt

Mengistu Haile Mariam

Leader of Ethiopia from 1977 to 1991

Empress consort of Ethiopia

Egyptian pharaoh

Egyptian pharaoh of the 11th Dynasty

Regent of Egypt

Prime Minister of Barbados

Michael Collins (Irish leader)

Irish revolutionary and politician

Michael Joseph Savage

First Labour Prime Minister of New Zealand (1872-1940)

4th Prime Minister of Jamaica

Michael of Russia

Tsar of Russia from 1613 to 1645

Papua New Guinean politician

Michael the Brave

Prince of Wallachia

Michael VIII Palaiologos

Byzantine emperor (1223–1282)

Michaëlle Jean

27th Governor General of Canada

Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki

King and Grand Duke of Poland-Lithuania

Michel Martelly

President of Haiti, musician

Michel Micombero

First President of Burundi

37th president of Brazil

Michelle Bachelet

President of Chile from 2006 to 2010 and 2014 to 2018

Former First Lady of the United States

Duke of Poland (c. 930-992) (ruled c. 960-992)

Miguel Ángel Juárez

5th President of Argentina

Miguel de la Madrid

59th president of Mexico

Miguel Díaz-Canel

First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba and 17th president of Cuba

Miguel Primo de Rivera

Spanish dictator from 1923 to 1930

Pratihara emperor

Mikhail Fradkov

Russian politician

Mikhail Gorbachev

Leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991

Mikhail Mishustin

Current Prime Minister of Russia

Mikheil Saakashvili

Georgian-Ukrainian politician, former President of Georgia and former Governor of Odessa

Regent of Hungary from 1920 to 1944

Millard Fillmore

President of the United States from 1850 to 1853

Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1915-1997)

Sierra Leonean politician (1895-1964)

Ugandan politician

Minamoto no Yoritomo

Founder and first shogun of the Kamakura Shogunate from 1192 to 1199

King of Lithuania

President of Panama from 1999 to 2004

Mirsaid Sultan-Galiev

Soviet politician (1892-1940)

18th century Afghani tribal chief of the Ghilji Pashtuns who founded the Hotak dynasty

Mitch McConnell

American politician and lawyer (born 1942)

Mithridates I of Parthia

King of Kings, Arsaces, Philhellene

Mithridates II of Parthia

Mithridates VI Eupator

Ruler of the Kingdom of Pontus from 120 to 63 BC

American senator from Utah

Mobutu Sese Seko

President of DR Congo and Zaire from 1965 to 1997

Fifth Tlatoani of Tenochtitlan

Tlahtoāni of the Aztec Empire until 1520

Lamido Fombina (Lord of the South)

Malian politician and President of Mali (1915-1977)

Chanyu of the Xiongnu

Mohamed Abdelaziz (Sahrawi politician)

Sahrawi politician

Mohamed Amin Didi

1st president of the Maldives (1910–1954)

Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan

Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi

Mohamed ElBaradei

Egyptian law scholar and diplomat, former Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency, and Nobel Peace Prize recipient

President of Egypt from 2012 to 2013

First President of Egypt

Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz

President of Mauritania from 2009 to 2019

Mohammad Ali Bogra

Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1953 to 1955

Mohammad Daoud Khan

Afghan military officer and politician

Mohammad Khatami

President of Iran from 1997 to 2005

Mohammad Mosaddegh

Prime Minister of Iran in the 1950s

Mohammad Najibullah

Leader of Afghanistan from 1986 to 1992

Mohammad Reza Pahlavi

Shah of Iran from 1941 to 1979

Mohammad Zahir Shah

King of Afghanistan from 1933 to 1973

Mohammad-Ali Rajai

President of Iran in 1981

Mohammad-Javad Bahonar

Iranian politician (1933-1981)

Mohammed al-Shaykh

Sultan of Morocco

Mohammed bin Salman

Saudi crown prince and minister of defence

Mohammed bin Thani

1st emir of the whole Qatari Peninsula

Mohammed V of Morocco

Former king of Morocco (1909-1961)

Mohammed VI of Morocco

King of Morocco since 1999

Moktar Ould Daddah

Mauritanian politician

Fourth Great Khan of the Mongol Empire

King of Siam (Thailand) from 1851 to 1868

President of South Korea from 2017 to 2022

Prime Minister of India from 1977 to 1979

Israeli politician

2nd Prime Minister of Israel from 1954 to 1955

Moshoeshoe II of Lesotho

King of Lesotho (1966–90; 1995–96)

Malian former dictator (1936-2020)

King of Eswatini

Muammar Gaddafi

Libyan revolutionary and politician (c.1942–2011)

First Umayyad caliph and founder of the Umayyad Caliphate

Sudanese religious and political leader (1844–1885)

Muhammad Ali Jinnah

Founder and 1st Governor-General of Pakistan (1876–1948)

Muhammad Ali of Egypt

Ruler of Egypt from 1805 to 1848

Muhammad bin Saud Al Muqrin

Founder of the Emirate of Diriyah and the Al Saud dynasty (1687–1765)

Muhammad bin Tughluq

Sultan of Delhi from 1325 to 1351

Muhammad Fareed Didi

Sultan of Maldives

Muhammad ibn Tughj al-Ikhshid

Autonomous ruler of Egypt and Syria

Muhammad II of Khwarazm

Muhammad Imaaduddeen IV

Sultan of the Maldives

Muhammad Najib ar-Ruba'i

1st president of Iraq

Muhammad of Ghor

Ruler of Ghurid Sultanate, 1173 to 1206

Muhammad Shah of Brunei

Sultan of Brunei (r. 1363/68–1402)

Muhammadu Buhari

Nigerian head of state, 1983–85 and 2015–2023

Afghan militant leader (1960–2013)

Chief consort of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan

Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1362 to 1389

Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1574 to 1595

Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1612-1640) (r. 1623-1640)

Murray MacLehose, Baron MacLehose of Beoch

British politician

Murtala Muhammed

Former Nigerian Army general and head of state (1938–1976)

Musa of Parthia

Co-ruler of the Parthian Empire

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

President of Turkey from 1923 to 1938

Mutesa II of Buganda

Kabaka of the Kingdom of Buganda from 1939 to 1969

King of Matabeleland (c. 1790–1868)

8th-century BC king of Babylon

King of Babylon

Founder and first king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire

Shah of Iran from 1736 to 1747

Prime Minister of Malaysia from 2009 to 2018

Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor

First female Member of Parliament to take her seat

American politician (born 1940)

American actress and First Lady of the United States

Emperor of the French (r. 1804–1814, 1815)

Duke of Reichstadt

27th monarch of the Ayutthaya Kingdom (1656-88)

Naram-Sin of Akkad

Ruler of the Akkadian Empire (c. 2254–2218 BC)

Narasingha Deva I

Yavanabaniballava, Hammiramanamardana, Gajapati, Paramamaheswara, Durgaputra, Purushottamaputra

Prime Minister of India since 2014

King of the Ayutthaya Kingdom from 1590 to 1605

Ancient Egyptian pharaoh of the Early Dynastic Period

Emperor of Japan since 2019

Naser al-Din Shah Qajar

Shah of Persia from 5 September 1848 to 1 May 1896

Kushite King of Meroe from 335 to 315/310 BCE

Natalia Poklonskaya

Deputy of the State Duma

Prime Minister of Pakistan (1990–1993; 1997–1999; 2013–2017)

20th-century Burmese politician and general

Nebuchadnezzar II

King of Babylon from 605 to 562 BC

2nd Egyptian pharaoh of the 26th dynasty

4th-century BC Egyptian pharaoh

Last Egyptian pharaoh of the 30th dynasty

Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

President of India from 1978 to 1982

Egyptian pharaoh

Egyptian queen and Great Royal Wife (chief consort) of Akhenaten, an Egyptian Pharaoh

Ethiopian politician

Ancient Egyptian queen consort

President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999

Nelson Rockefeller

41st Vice President of the United States

Nelson W. Aldrich

American politician

Roman emperor from AD 54 to 68

Roman emperor from AD 96 to 98

Néstor Kirchner

President of Argentina

Neville Chamberlain

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1937 to 1940

50th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives

Ngawang Namgyal

Bhutanese Lama (1594-1651)

20th-century President of the Republic of Vietnam

King of Vietnam

Nguyễn Khánh

20th-century South Vietnamese military officer

Nguyễn Văn Thiệu

President of South Vietnam from 1965–75

Niall of the Nine Hostages

Nicholas Biddle

American financier and banker

Nicholas I of Montenegro

King of Montenegro

Nicholas I of Russia

19th-century Emperor of Russia

Emperor of Russia from 1894 to 1917

Nicola Sturgeon

First Minister of Scotland from 2014 to 2023

Nicolae Ceaușescu

Leader of Romania from 1965 to 1989

Nicolás Maduro

46th President of Venezuela

Nicolas Sarkozy

23rd president of France

Nicolau dos Reis Lobato

Prime Minister of East Timor

British politician (born 1964)

Nikephoros II Phokas

Byzantine emperor from 963 to 969

Nikita Khrushchev

1950–1964 First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

Serbian politician (1845-1926)

Nikolai Bukharin

Russian revolutionary, Soviet politician, and Marxist theorist (1888-1938)

Nikolai Podgorny

Soviet politician (1903-1983)

Nikolai Shvernik

Soviet politician, chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1888–1970)

Filipino Senator and a former Governor of Tarlac

Persian Muslim Scholar, Politician, vizier and court official of Seljuqs

Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah I

18th-century Nizam of Hyderabad

Nigerian statesman (1904-1996)

56th and 57th Prime Minister of Japan (1896-1987)

General and kingmaker of the Golden Horde

Chief Minister of Jamaica (1893-1969)

Norodom Sihamoni

King of Cambodia since 2004

Norodom Sihanouk

King of Cambodia (1941–1955; 1993–2004)

Nouri al-Maliki

Prime Minister of Iraq from 2006 to 2014

Padshah Begum of the Mughal Empire

Nur Muhammad Taraki

Former president of Afghanistan

Jurchen chieftain (1559–1626)

11th, 20th, 25th, 29th, 33rd, 36th, 42nd and 45th prime minister of Iraq

Nursultan Nazarbayev

Chairman of the Security Council of Kazakhstan

Ancient Egyptian pharaoh of the Fifth Dynasty

Nzinga of Ndongo and Matamba

Ambundu queen in Angola (c. 1583–1663)

Japanese samurai and warlord (1534–1582)

Ruler of Italy (c. 433 – 493)

8th-century Anglo-Saxon King of Mercia

Khagan of the Mongol Empire (c.1186-1241) (r. 1229-1241)

Ōkubo Toshimichi

Japanese statesman (1830-1878)

Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson

Icelandic politician

Grand Prince of Kiev

Grand Princess of Kiev

Oliver Cromwell

English military and political leader (1599–1658)

Olusegun Obasanjo

Former president of Nigeria and elder statesman

Queen of Macedonia

President of Sudan from 1989 to 2019

Omar Ali Saifuddien III

Sultan of Brunei from 1950 to 1967

President of Gabon

Omar Saidou Tall

19th-century West African scholar and military leader; founder of the Toucouleur Empire

Panamanian dictator who ruled Panama 1968–1981

Traditionally recognised founder of the Baekje kingdom in Korea (r. 18 BC–AD 28)

Ordoño II of León

King of Galicia

American politician

President of Costa Rica (1986–1990, 2006–2010)

Óscar R. Benavides

President of Peru (1876-1945)

Osei Kofi Tutu I

King Asantehene of the Kingdom of Ashanti

Egyptian pharaoh (c. 925 BC – c. 890 BC)

British aristocrat and fascist politician (1896–1980)

Oswaldo López Arellano

President of Honduras (1921-2010)

Roman emperor in 69 AD

Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor

10th century Ottonian Holy Roman Emperor

Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor

Holy Roman Emperor from 996 to 1002

Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor

13th century Holy Roman Emperor of the Welf dynasty

German Nazi politician

10th century Ottonian Holy Roman Emperor

Otto von Bismarck

Chancellor of Germany from 1871 to 1890

Leader of a Welsh revolt against English rule

Barbadian politician

P. B. S. Pinchback

First ethnic minority as well as African American state governor in The United States

P. J. Patterson

Former prime minister of Jamaica, Jamaican politician

P. V. Narasimha Rao

Prime Minister of India from 1991 to 1996

Leader of South Africa from 1978 to 1989

Sapa Inca of the Inca Empire

King of Thambapanni

Paolo Gentiloni

Italian politician

Parameswara of Malacca

Sultan of Malacca

King of Kuru Kingdom

Leader of South Korea from 1961 to 1979

Eighteenth President of South Korea

South Korean politician (1955–2020)

Patriarch Filaret of Moscow

Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia

Patricio Aylwin

Chilean politician

18th-century American attorney, planter, orator, and politician

President of Cameroon since 1982

6th President of Rwanda

Prime Minister of Australia from 1991 to 1996

South African politician and President of the South African Republic (1825-1904)

21st Prime Minister of Canada

2nd Governor-General of Grenada

Pedro I of Brazil

Emperor of Brazil (1822–31) and King of Portugal (1826)

Pedro II of Brazil

19th-century Emperor of Brazil

Pedro Pablo Kuczynski

Peruvian politician and economist; Prime Minister (2005-06), President (2016-18)

President of Cape Verde from 2001 to 2011

Prime Minister of Spain since 2018

Dominican military leader; 77th governor of Santo Domingo (1861–1862)

Pepi II Neferkare

Egyptian pharaoh of the Sixth dynasty for the Old Kingdom

Pepin of Herstal

Duke and Prince of the Franks

Pepin the Short

King of the Franks from 751 to 768; first king of the Carolingian Dynasty

Ancient Greek statesman, orator, and general of Athens

Roman emperor in 193

Pervez Musharraf

Army general who became 10th President of Pakistan after a military coup d'etat

Pescennius Niger

Roman emperor from 193 to 194

New Zealand politician

Peter III of Aragon

King of Aragon and Valencia (1276-85); King of Sicily (1282-85)

Peter IV of Aragon

King of Aragon.

Peter Kenilorea

Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands (1943-2016)

Premier of Alberta from 1971 to 1985

Papua New Guinean politician

Peter Tali Coleman

American Samoa politician (1919–1997)

Peter the Great

Tsar and 1st Emperor, founder of the Russian Empire

Petro Poroshenko

President of Ukraine from 2014 to 2019

Philibert Tsiranana

First President of Madagascar (1959 - 1972)

Philip I of France

King of the Franks

Philip II of France

King of France from 1180 to 1223

Philip II of Macedon

King of Macedon (359-336 BC)

Philip II of Spain

King of Spain, Portugal and King consort of England

Philip III of France

King of France, 1270 to 1285

Philip III of Spain

King of Spain and Portugal from 1598 to 1621

Philip IV of France

King of France from 1285 to 1314

Philip IV of Spain

King of Spain and Portugal

Philip Noel-Baker

British athlete and politician

Philip the Arab

Roman emperor from 244 to 249

Philip the Good

15th-century Duke of Burgundy

Philip V of France

King of France and Navarre

Philip V of Spain

18th-century King of Spain

Philip VI of France

King of France from 1328 to 1350

Philippe Pétain

French general officer and leader of Vichy France

French politician (1883–1945)

Pierre Nkurunziza

Burundian politician and former president

Prime Minister of Canada (1968–1979; 1980–1984)

Pieter Cort van der Linden

Dutch politician

Ancient Kushite king and Egyptian pharaoh

Plaek Phibunsongkhram

Prime Minister of Thailand, 1938–44 and 1948–57

Plutarco Elías Calles

Mexican military general and politician

Native American woman (c. 1596 – 1617)

20th-century Cambodian Communist revolutionary and politician

Queen of Tahiti

Head of the Catholic Church from 1154 to 1159

Pope Alexander III

Pope of the Catholic Church from 1159 to 1181

Pope Alexander VI

Pope of the Catholic Church 1492–1503

Pope Benedict XIV

18th-century Catholic pope

Pope Boniface VIII

193rd Pope of the Catholic Church (1294-1303)

Pope Clement VIII

Head of the Catholic Church from 1592 to 1605

Pope Clement XI

18th-century Catholic pope

Pope Eugene III

Head of the Catholic Church from 1145 to 1153

Pope Gregory IX

Pope of the Catholic Church from 1227 to 1241

Pope Gregory VII

11th century Pope famous for his reforms

Pope Gregory XIII

Pope from 1572 to 1585

Pope Innocent III

Head of the Catholic Church from 1198 to 1216

Pope Innocent IV

Head of the Catholic Church from 1243 to 1254

14th-century pope of the Roman Catholic Church

Pope from 1503 to 1513

Head of the Catholic Church from 1513 to 1521

15th-century pope

Pope Paschal II

Pope (r. 1099–1118)

Pope and sovereign of the Papal States

Head of the Catholic Church from 1800 to 1823

Head of the Catholic Church from 1471 to 1484

Head of the Catholic Church from 1088 to 1099

Pope (1378-1389)

Pope Urban VIII

Head of the Catholic Church from 1623 to 1644

33rd President of Mexico (1884-1911)

Portia Simpson-Miller

Jamaican politician

Prime Minister of Denmark from 1982 to 1993

Powhatan (Native American leader)

Leader of the Powhatan

King of Siam from 1925 to 1935

Pranab Mukherjee

13th President of India (1935–2020)

12th President of India

Prayut Chan-o-cha

Thai politician, current Prime Minister of Thailand

Prem Tinsulanonda

Prime Minister of Thailand from 1980 to 1988

Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Husband of Queen Victoria (1819-1861)

Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale

British prince (1864–1892)

Prince George of Wales

British prince (born 2013)

Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex

Member of the British royal family

Prince Henry the Navigator

Portuguese navigator and Prince

Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh

Consort of Queen Elizabeth II from 1952 to 2021

Prince Shōtoku

Semi-legendary Japanese prince (574-622)

Prithvi Narayan Shah

King of Gorkha and Nepal

Prithviraj Chauhan

Prudente de Morais

3rd President of Brazil

Egyptian pharaoh

Ptolemy I Soter

Macedonian general and first Pharaoh of the Ptolemaic Kingdom

Ptolemy II Philadelphus

King of the Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt (308-246 B.C.)

Ptolemy III Euergetes

Egyptian pharaoh

Ptolemy XII Auletes

Queen of the Hittites

610–642 ruler of the Chalukya dynasty of Vatapi, present-day India

Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat

1st President of Mongolia (1990-97)

Pushpa Kamal Dahal

Nepalese politician and former prime minister

Pushyamitra Shunga

Emperor of China from 1908 to 1912

Russian politician (1862–1911)

Pyrrhus of Epirus

Qaboos bin Said

Sultan of Oman from 1970 to 2020

Qahhor Mahkamov

Soviet politician, then president of Tajikistan (1990–1991)

Qianlong Emperor

Emperor of China from 1735 to 1796

First emperor of the Qin Dynasty

Vietnamese emperor

Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother

Queen consort of King George VI, mother of Queen Elizabeth II

Queen Rania of Jordan

Queen consort of Jordan

Queen Seondeok of Silla

Monarch of Silla from 632 to 647

Queen of the United Kingdom from 1837 to 1901

11th Prime Minister of Canada (1870–1947)

Venezuelan politician, twice President of Venezuela

President of Guatemala

President of Ecuador from 2007 to 2017

President of Colombia (1825–1894)

Rafael Trujillo

Ruler of the Dominican Republic from 1930 to 1961

Rafael Urdaneta

Venezuelan general

Former Prime Minister of Lebanon

Rainier I of Monaco, Lord of Cagnes

Monegasque noble

Rainier III, Prince of Monaco

Prince of Monaco from 1949 to 2005

Rainilaiarivony

Prime Minister of Madagascar from 1864 to 1895

16th-century Rajah of Maynila

Chola emperor from 985 to 1014

Chola emperor from 1014 to 1044

Rajendra Prasad

President of India from 1950 to 1962

Prime Minister of India from 1984 to 1989

Ram Baran Yadav

First President of Nepal

Founder and first ruler of the Rattanakosin Kingdom from 1782 to 1809

Founding pharaoh of Ancient Egypt's Nineteenth Dynasty

Egyptian pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt

Egyptian pharaoh 1186–1155 BCE, New Kingdom, 20th Dynasty

Fifth ruler of the Twentieth dynasty of Egypt

Ramiro II of León

Pho Khun Ramarat

Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona

Prince of Aragon, Count of Barcelona and consort of the Queen of Aragon

Ramón Castilla

20th, 22nd, and Interim President of Peru (1844, 1845-51, 1855-62, 1863)

19th-century Chilean liberal aristocrat and politician

Two-time president of Cuba (1881 - 1969)

Ramón José Velásquez

Venezuelan politician; President of Venezuela (1993-1994)

Ramon Magsaysay

7th President of the Philippines

Ramón Villeda Morales

President of Honduras (1909-1971)

Ramsay MacDonald

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in 1924 and from 1929 to 1935

Head of Chechen Republic since 2007

Queen of Madagascar

Maharaja of Punjab (1780–1839)

Lebanese politician

Founding President of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Raúl Alfonsín

President of Argentina from 1983 to 1989

Leader of Cuba from 2008 to 2021

President of Venezuela (1964-1969)

Raymond Poincaré

French statesman

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan

President of Turkey since 2014

René Barrientos

47th President of Bolivia

17th President of the French Republic

René Lévesque

23rd Premier of Quebec (1976–1985)

Reynaldo Bignone

42nd President of Argentina

Shah of Iran from 1925 to 1941

Lebanese politician (1894–1951)

Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno

Former President of Costa Rica

Chilean politician

Richard I of England

12th-century King of England and crusader

Richard II of England

14th-century King of England and Duke of Aquitaine

Richard III of England

15th-century King of England

Richard J. Daley

American politician

President of the United States from 1969 to 1974

Richard Russell Jr.

66th Governor of Georgia (1931–1933), U.S. Senator from Georgia (1933–1971)

Prime minister of New Zealand from 1893 to 1906

Prime Minister of Canada from 1911 to 1920

American politician

British military officer (1725–1774)

Robert F. Kennedy

20th-century American politician and brother of John F. Kennedy

Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury

British prime minister (1830–1903)

Robert Guiscard

Duke of Apulia and Calabria (1015–1085)

Robert II of France

King of the Franks

Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1812 to 1827

Robert Kocharyan

Armenian politician

Robert M. La Follette

American lawyer and politician (1855–1925)

Robert McNamara

American businessman and government official (1916–2009)

12th Prime Minister of Australia (1894-1978)

Robert Morris (financier)

Anglo-American merchant and politician (1734–1806)

President of Zimbabwe from 1987 to 2017

31st Prime Minister of New Zealand

British Conservative statesman

Robert the Bruce

King of Scotland from 1306 to 1329

First prime minister of Great Britain

Rodrigo Borja Cevallos

Ecuadorian politician

Rodrigo Duterte

President of the Philippines from 2016 to 2022

Roger II of Sicily

King of Sicily from 1130 to 1154

President of South Korea from 2003 to 2008

17th century Melanesian chief

9th and 10th-century Viking and later count of Normandy

Rómulo Betancourt

President of Venezuela

King of Rome from 753 to 716 BC

Romulus Augustulus

Roman emperor from 475 to 476

American politician (born 1935)

President of the United States from 1981 to 1989

Roque Sáenz Peña

12th President of Argentina

Roscoe Conkling

American politician

American businessman and politician (1930–2019)

Bactrian princess and wife of Alexander the Great

Haseki Sultan of Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent

Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair

High King of Ireland (c. 1116 – 1198)

German Nazi politician (1894–1987)

Rudolf I of Germany

13th century King of the Romans

Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor

Holy Roman Emperor, King of Hungary and Croatia, King of Bohemia and Archduke of Austria (1552-1612)

Ruhollah Khomeini

Supreme Leader of Iran from 1979 to 1989

Prince of Ladoga and Novgorod

Ruth Williams Khama

First Lady of Botswana (1923-2002)

Rutherford B. Hayes

19th president of the United States

47th Prime Minister of the Netherlands

Saad Al-Salim Al-Sabah

Emir of Kuwait in 2006

Sabah Al-Salim Al-Sabah

12th Ruler of Kuwait and 2nd Emir of the State of Kuwait

President of Iraq from 1979 to 2003

Said bin Sultan

Said bin Taimur

Saif bin Sultan

Italian stonemason who founded San Marino in 301

King of Norway from 1015 to 1028

Founder of the Ayyubid dynasty (c. 1137–1193)

Salah al-Din al-Bitar

Syrian politician (1912-1980)

Salman of Saudi Arabia

King of Saudi Arabia since 2015

Sālote Tupou III

Queen of Tonga from 1918 to 1965

Salva Kiir Mayardit

President of South Sudan (2011-present)

Salvador Allende

28th president of Chile (1908–1973)

Salvador Sánchez Cerén

President of El Salvador (2014-2019)

5th Prime Minister of Guyana

19th-century Texian and American politician and soldier

1st President of Namibia

43rd Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives

Founder of the Samanid dynasty

Emperor of the Wassoulou Empire

Maharajadhiraja

American statesman, political philosopher, governor of Massachusetts, and Founding Father of the United States

21st President of Liberia

Samuel of Bulgaria

Tsar of Bulgaria

Sancho III of Pamplona

11th century King of Pamplona and ruler of Aragaon

Sancho VI of Navarre

King of Navarre

Sancho VII of Navarre

King of Navarre from 1194 to 1234

Sang Nila Utama

Sri Tri Buana, "Lord of Three Worlds"

Military head of state of Nigeria from 1993 to 1998

First President of Burma and Last Saopha of Yawnghwe

Saparmurat Niyazov

Turkmen politician

9th Governor of Alaska

King of the Neo-Assyrian Empire

Sargon of Akkad

Founder of Akkadian Empire

Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan

President of India from 1962 to 1967

Saud of Saudi Arabia

King of Saudi Arabia between 1953 and 1964

Prime Minister of Australia from 2018 to 2022

Sebastián Piñera

Chilean politician and businessman

Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal

Portuguese noble and diplomat (1699–1782)

Seewoosagur Ramgoolam

Prime Minister of Mauritius from 1968 to 1982

Sejong the Great

King of Joseon from 1418 to 1450

Fulbe founder of the Massina Empire

Seleucus I Nicator

General of Alexander the Great's and founder of the Seleucid Empire

Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520

Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1789 to 1807

King of Assyria

Pharaoh of Egypt

Pharaoh of Egypt

12th dynasty pharaoh of Ancient Egypt

Seonjo of Joseon

14th King of Joseon Dynasty in Korea (1552 - 1608)

Septimius Severus

Roman emperor from 193 to 211

Serdar Berdimuhamedow

3rd President of Turkmenistan since 2022

First President of Botswana (1921–1980)

Soviet politician and revolutionary

Russian statesman and first Prime Minister of the Russian Empire (1849-1915)

Seru Epenisa Cakobau

King of Fiji from 1871 to 1874

3rd President of Armenia

Egyptian pharaoh

King of Lan Na and Lan Xang

Severus Alexander

Roman emperor from 222 to 235

17th-century Mughal Emperor

Chhatrapati of the Marathas from 1708 to 1749

King of the Zulu Kingdom (1816-1828)

Išši’ak Aššur

Kandake of Kush

2nd ruler of the Sasanian Empire (240-270)

Sasanian emperor, 309–379

Founder of Gauda Kingdom of Bengal

Shavkat Mirziyoyev

President of Uzbekistan since 2016

President of Nigeria (1925–2018)

Current Prime Minister of Bangladesh

Sheikh Mujibur Rahman

Bangladeshi politician and revolutionary (1920–1975)

Sher Bahadur Deuba

Nepalese politician and former Prime Minister of Nepal

Sultan of Hindustan from 1540 to 1545

Egyptian pharaoh

Shigeru Yoshida

Prime minister of Japan (1878–1967)

Israeli politician who served as Prime Minister and then President of Israel (1923-2016)

Shintaro Ishihara

Japanese politician and author, Governor of Tokyo

Prime Minister of Japan (2006–2007, 2012–2020)

Shirley Chisholm

American politician

Indian king and founder of the Maratha Empire

King of Ryūkyū

King of Ryūkyū

King of Ryūkyū

Pharaoh of Egypt

Egyptian pharaoh

Shukri al-Quwatli

President of Syria (1891–1967)

Shunzhi Emperor

Emperor of China from 1644 to 1661

Shutruk-Nakhunte

President of Somalia from 1969 to 1991

Leader of Sierra Leone from 1967-85

Sigismund I the Old

King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1506 to 1548

Sigismund II Augustus

First ruler of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1548-72)

Sigismund III Vasa

Ruler of Poland-Lithuania from 1587 to 1632 and of Sweden from 1592 to 1599

Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor

15th century Holy Roman Emperor of the House of Luxembourg

Silvio Berlusconi

Italian politician and media tycoon

Simeon I of Bulgaria

First Emperor of the Bulgars (ruled 893-927)

Simón Bolívar

Venezuelan military and political leader (1783–1830)

Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester

13th-century Anglo-Norman nobleman and rebel

Sirimavo Bandaranaike

Sri Lankan politician

Sisavang Vatthana

Last monarch of the Kingdom of Laos (reigned 1959-75)

Sitiveni Rabuka

Former Prime Minister of Fiji

Hunkpapa Lakota leader and holy man

Sixto Durán Ballén

President of Ecuador from 1992 to 1996

Slobodan Milošević

Yugoslav and Serbian politician (1941–2006)

Pharaoh and founder of the 4th dynasty of Ancient Egypt

Earliest confirmed female Egyptian pharaoh c. 1800 BC

King of Swaziland

Solomon Mamaloni

Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands (1943-2000)

7th and 6th-century BC Athenian statesman and lawgiver

Emperor of Tibet

Indian politician

Of the Songhai Empire, 15th ruler of the Sunni dynasty

Soong Ching-ling

Chinese political figure

First Lady of the Republic of China

Sophia Alekseyevna of Russia

Russian tsarevna

Sophia of Hanover

Electress consort of Hanover

Sophie, Countess of Bar

French countess

Laotian politician

Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington

Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1742 to 1743

Spencer Perceval

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1809 to 1812

39th Vice President of the United States

Spyros Kyprianou

2nd President of the Republic of Cyprus (1932–2002)

Stamford Raffles

18th-century British statesman and botanist who founded Singapore

Stanisław August Poniatowski

Last King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania

Stanisław Leszczyński

Stanley Baldwin

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1923 to 1924, 1924 to 1929 and 1935 to 1937

Australian politician, eighth Prime Minister of Australia

14th-century Serbian king and emperor

Grand Prince of Serbia, founder of the Nemanjić dynasty

Stefan the First-Crowned

King of Serbia from 1217 to 1228

Far-right Ukrainian politician

Stephen A. Douglas

American politician and Senator

Stephen Báthory

Transylvanian noble and ruler of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1576-86

22nd prime minister of Canada

Stephen I of Hungary

11th-century Hungarian king and saint

American businessman and conservationist

Stephen the Great

Prince of Moldavia from 1457 to 1504

Stephen, King of England

12th-century King of England and Count of Boulogne

American politician (1902–2003)

Chinese political strategist in the Warring States period

Tribal king of the Bhāratas

President of Indonesia from 1967 to 1998

Chaopha Swarganarayana Of Ahom Kingdom

President of Indonesia from 1945 to 1967

Suleiman the Magnificent

Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1520–1566)

Süleyman Demirel

President of Turkey from 1993 to 2000

Sultan Agung of Mataram

Paduka Ingkang Sinuhun Kangjeng Sultan Agung Hadi Prabu Hanyakrakusuma

Sultan bin Muhammad Al-Qasimi

Member of the Supreme Council of the United Arab Emirates

Ruler of Eastern Wu from 222 to 252

Emperor of Mali

Šuppiluliuma I

Emperor of the Khmer Empire from 1113 to 1150 CE

Emperor of Ethiopia from 1606 to 1632

Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono

President of Indonesia from 2004 to 2014

Svatopluk I of Moravia

Ruler of Great Moravia from 870 to 894

Sveinn Björnsson

Icelandic politician, 1st President of Iceland

Sviatopolk II of Kiev

Grand Prince of Kiev (Kyiv)

Grand Prince of Kiev (943-972)

Sweyn Forkbeard

11th-century King of Denmark, England, and Norway

5th-century Roman general and last ruler of the Kingdom of Soissons

Sylvanus Olympio

20th-century President of Togo

Ukrainian military leader (1879–1926)

President of South Korea from 1948 to 1960

Tabaré Vázquez

President of Uruguay (2005–2010; 2015–2020)

Founder of the First Toungoo Empire

Tadeusz Mazowiecki

Polish politician and prime minister (1927-2013)

Taejo of Goguryeo

1st/2nd century Korean Goguryeo dynasty king

Taejo of Goryeo

King of Goryeo from 918 to 943

Taejo of Joseon

The first king of Joseon Dynasty in Korean history

Bangladeshi politician and First Prime Minister of Bangladesh (1925-1975)

Japanese feudal lord (1521–1573)

Egyptian Pharaoh

King of Thonburi

Talal of Jordan

Tamar of Georgia

Queen of Georgia

Brazilian politician (1910–1985)

Turkish politician, who has been the first female prime minister of the country

Japanese politician

Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV

King of Tonga from 1965 to 2006

Final pharaoh of the 19th dynasty

King of Gandhara and its capital Takshashila (Taxila)

Shawnee leader of Native American confederacy

American senator from Massachusetts

Republican U.S. Senator from Alaska

Tekle Giyorgis I

Emperor of Ethiopia

6th Khagan of the Mongol Empire

Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo

President of Equatorial Guinea since 1982

Queen of Tahiti and Huahine (c. 1790 – 1858)

Emperor of Ethiopia from 1855 to 1868

South African politician, President of South Africa

Thaddeus Stevens

American statesman (1792–1868)

Thaksin Shinawatra

Prime Minister of Thailand from 2001 to 2006

Burmese senior general, commander in chief of all armed forces and Prime Minister

Thein Sein, the 8th President of Myanmar from 2011 to 2016

Athenian politician and general

Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg

German politician

Theodora (wife of Justinian I)

Byzantine empress from 527 to 548

Theodore Roosevelt

President of the United States from 1901 to 1909

King of the Visigoths

Theodoric the Great

5th century King of the Ostrogoths

Roman emperor prior to the Splitting of Rome into East and West from 379 to 395

10th century empress of the Holy Roman Empire

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2016 to 2019

Thomas Brackett Reed

U.S. Representative from Maine, and Speaker of the House

Thomas Cromwell

English statesman and chief minister to King Henry VIII of England

Thomas E. Dewey

American politician

Thomas Hart Benton (politician)

Senator from Missouri

Thomas Jefferson

Founding Father, U.S. president from 1801 to 1809

Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle

Prime Minister of Great Britain (1693-1768)

Thomas Peters (revolutionary)

Black Loyalist founding father of Sierra Leone

Thomas Playford IV

20th-century Australian politician and fruit grower

Thomas Remengesau Jr.

President of Palau

United States political manager and journalist

Egyptian pharaoh

Fifth Egyptian Pharaoh of the 18th Dynasty (c. 1479 – 1425 BC)

Roman emperor from AD 14 to 37

Tiberius Gracchus

Ancient Roman politician and social reformer

Tiburcio Carías Andino

President of Honduras (1876-1969)

Tiglath-Pileser I

12th-11th century BCE Assyrian king

Tiglath-Pileser III

King of Assyria who ruled 745-727 BCE

Tigranes the Great

King of Armenia from 95 to 55 BC

Turco-Mongol conqueror (1320s–1405)

American politician (1912–1994)

Ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore from 1782 to 1799

Tiridates III of Armenia

King of Armenia and Christian Saint (c.250-c.330)

Titus (disambiguation)

Topics referred to by the same term

Late 6th century and early 5th century BC Roman general, consul and first Roman dictator

Former General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party

15th Khagan of the Mongol Empire; Emperor of the Yuan and Northern Yuan dynasties

Khan of the Golden Horde (1376-80), descendant of Genghis Khan

Tokugawa Ieyasu

Military ruler of Japan from 1603 to 1605

Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera

Colombian general and political figure

Tomás Estrada Palma

1st President of Cuba (1902-06)

Tomáš Masaryk

First Czechoslovak president

Tomás Regalado (Salvadoran politician)

President of El Salvador from 1898 to 1903

7th Premier of Saskatchewan (1944–1961)

6th-century BC queen of the Massagetae

Tôn Đức Thắng

President of North Vietnam (1888-1980)

Tongzhi Emperor

10th Emperor of the Qing dynasty

Prime Minister of Australia from 2013 to 2015

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1997 to 2007

Töregene Khatun

Great Khatun of the Mongol Empire

Tosiwo Nakayama

President of Federated States of Micronesia (1931-2007)

King of the Ostrogoths

Toussaint Louverture

Haitian general and revolutionary (1744–1803)

Toyotomi Hideyoshi

Japanese samurai and daimyo (1537–1598)

Roman emperor from AD 98 to 117

Trần Thánh Tông

Emperor of Đại Việt from 1258 to 1278

Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi

Javanese third monarch of Majapahit empire

5th Tibetan Emperor and 38th King of Tibet (742-797/804)

1st Secretary-General of the United Nations

Taiwanese politician; 18th President of Taiwan

Sultan of the Seljuk Empire from 1037 to 1063

Tuilaʻepa Saʻilele Malielegaoi

Prime Minister of Samoa

Politician and businessman from Hong Kong

Ruler of the Ghana Empire gago to si tunka manin

Tunku Abdul Rahman

Prime Minister of Malaysia from 1957 to 1970

Monarch of the Inca state in Peru

Túpac Amaru II

Leader of a large Andean uprising against the Spanish in Peru (1738-1781)

8th president of Turkey

14th-century BCE king of Mitanni

14th century BCE (18th dynasty) Egyptian pharaoh

Third Secretary-General of the United Nations

Japanese daimyo

Ugyen Wangchuck

Timurid ruler as well as an astronomer, mathematician and sultan (1394–1449)

2nd Rashidun caliph from 634 to 644

Umaru Musa Yar'Adua

President of Nigeria (2007-2010)

Umberto I of Italy

Umberto II of Italy

Final King of Italy (May–June 1946)

Finnish politician (1900–1982)

Ursula von der Leyen

President of the European Commission

Last ruler of the 1st Dynasty of Lagash

Usman dan Fodio

First Caliph of the Sokoto Caliphate

3rd Rashidun caliph from 644 to 656

Founder Janata Dal

Czech statesman, writer, and former dissident (1936–2011)

King of Thailand

King of Siam from 1910 to 1925

6th President of Lithuania

Valentín Gómez Farías

7th President of Mexico (1833–1834; 1846–1847)

Roman emperor from 364 to 375

Valéry Giscard d'Estaing

President of France from 1974 to 1981

Vallabhbhai Patel

Indian independence activist (1875–1950)

Vasili III of Russia

Grand Prince of Moscow

Vasily I of Moscow

Grand Prince of Moscow

Vasily II of Moscow

Grand Prince of Moscow

Venustiano Carranza

President of Mexico from 1917 to 1920

1st-century BC Gallic chieftain

Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda (1910-1999)

Roman emperor from AD 69 to 79

62nd president of Mexico

Vicente Rocafuerte

President of the Republic of Ecuador (1834 - 1839)

Victor Emmanuel I

King of Sardinia from 1802 to 1821

Victor Emmanuel II

Italian politician, king of Sardinia-Piemont and Italy

Victor Emmanuel III

King of Italy from 1900 to 1946

French colonial governor

Victor Schœlcher

19th-century French abolitionist

Vidkun Quisling

Norwegian politician and Nazi collaborator

Vigdís Finnbogadóttir

Icelandic politician

Vijayalaya Chola

KoParakesarivarman

Viktor Chernomyrdin

Prime Minister of Russia from 1992 to 1998

Hungarian politician, chairman of Fidesz; Prime Minister of Hungary (2010-present)

Viktor Yanukovych

Politician (born 1950)

Prime Minister of Russia From 2007 to 2008

President of France from 1947 to 1954

18th Governor General of Canada (served from 1952-1959)

Violeta Chamorro

President of Nicaragua from 1990 to 1997

Virgilio Barco Vargas

President of Colombia (1986-1990)

Roman emperor in AD 69

Vittorio Emanuele Orlando

Italian diplomat (1860–1952)

Vlad the Impaler

Ruler of Wallachia during the 15th century

Leader of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1924

President of Russia (1999–2008, 2012–present)

Vladimir the Great

10th and 11th-century Grand Prince of Kiev and Novgorod

Vladislav Ardzinba

Soviet-Abkhaz politician; President of Abkhazia (1945-2010)

Volodymyr Zelenskyy

6th President of Ukraine since 2019, actor, director and film producer

Vsevolod the Big Nest

12th-century prince of Kievan Rus'

Vyacheslav Molotov

Soviet politician

Vytautas the Great

Grand Duke of Lithuania

Wife of Prince Edward, Duke of Windsor (1896–1986)

Anglican priest and politician (1942-1999)

42nd vice president of the United States (1928–2021)

Walter Ulbricht

German communist politician

Walther Rathenau

German businessman and politician (1867–1922)

Song dynasty politician, poet and writer

Han dynasty official and founding Emperor of the Xin Dynasty (c.45 BC-23 AD)

Chinese politician (1904-1974)

Emperor of China from 1572 to 1620

Warren G. Harding

President of the United States from 1921 to 1923

Warren Hastings

British Governer General of Bengal

Computer spyware

Washington Luís

13th President of Brazil

Premier of China from 2003 to 2013

Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia

Duke of Bohemia

Wenceslaus II of Bohemia

King of Bohemia from 1278 to 1305

Wilfrid Laurier

7th prime minister of Canada

19th-century German Emperor and King of Prussia

German Emperor from 1888 to 1918

Wilhelmina of the Netherlands

Queen of the Netherlands from 1890 to 1948

37th Prime Minister of the Netherlands

Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands

King of the Netherlands since 2013

Officer of the British Royal Navy and colonial administrator (1754–1817)

William Bradford (governor)

17th-century English separatist leader

William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire

British Prime Minister

William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland

18th/19th-century British politician

William Ewart Gladstone

British statesman (1809–1898)

William Gopallawa

Sri Lankan President (1897-1981)

William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1806 to 1807

William H. Seward

19th-century American lawyer and politician

William Henry Harrison

9th president of the United States (March-April 1841)

William Howard Taft

President of the United States from 1909 to 1913

William I of the Netherlands

King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg 1815–1840

William II of England

King of England

William II of the Netherlands

King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg 1840 - 1849

William II, Prince of Orange

Prince of Orange

William III of England

Prince of Orange; King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1689–1702

William III of the Netherlands

King of the Netherlands

King of the United Kingdom and Hanover from 1830 to 1837

William IV, Prince of Orange

Prince of Orange

William Jennings Bryan

American politician (1860–1925)

William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne

British politician (1779–1848)

William Lyon Mackenzie King

Prime Minister of Canada (1921–1926, 1926–1930, 1935–1948)

William M. Tweed

American politician (1823–1878)

Prime Minister of New Zealand (1856-1925)

William McKinley

President of the United States from 1897 to 1901

William McMahon

Prime Minister of Australia from 1971 to 1972

Colonial American writer and religious thinker (1644–1718)

William Petty, 2nd Earl of Shelburne

Anglo-Irish Prime Minister and statesman

William Pitt the Younger

British prime minister (1759–1806)

William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham

Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1766 to 1768

William the Conqueror

King of England, Duke of Normandy

William the Silent

Dutch statesman and revolt leader (1533–1584)

William Tolbert

President of Liberia 1971–1980

Former President of Liberia

William V, Prince of Orange

Prince of Orange

William, Prince of Wales

Heir apparent to the British throne (born 1982)

German politician and statesman

Winston Churchill

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1940–1945, 1951–1955)

Władysław I Herman

Władysław I Łokietek

King of Poland from 1320 to 1333

Władysław II Jagiełło

Grand Duke of Lithuania (1377–1434); King of Poland (1386–1434)

Władysław II the Exile

High Duke of Poland

Władysław IV Vasa

Władysław Sikorski

Polish military and political leader

Wojciech Jaruzelski

Polish military and political official, leader of Poland (1981-1989)

28th president of the United States

Sole empress regnant of China (r. 690–705)

Fourth King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire

General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party

Xianfeng Emperor

8th Emperor of the Qing dynasty

Hegemon-King of Western Chu (c. 232–202 BC)

Early senior leader of the Chinese Communist Party (1880-1931)

President of the Republic of China (1855–1939)

Emperor of China from 1425 to 1435

President of the Gambia from 1996 to 2017

President of Pakistan from 1969 to 1971

Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din

Imam (1869–1948)

Yakub Beg of Yettishar

Emir of Yettishar (1820–1877)

Nigerian soldier and statesman

Yamagata Aritomo

19/20th-century Japanese military commander, politician, and idealogue

Japanese prince

Former President of the People's Republic of China

Ya'qub ibn al-Layth al-Saffar

Emir of the Safarid Dynasty from 861-879

Yaroslav the Wise

Grand Prince of Kiev from 1019 to 1054

President of Palestine from 1989 to 2004

Yasuhiro Nakasone

Japanese politician

Yax Nuun Ahiin I

Last Sasanian King from 632 to 651

Umayyad caliph from 680 to 683

Former Head of State of the People's Republic of China (1897-1986)

Emperor of Ethiopia

Yeongjo of Joseon

21st King of Joseon Dynasty in Korea

Korean politician (1858–1926)

Yingluck Shinawatra

Prime Minister of Thailand from 2011 to 2014

Prime Minister of Israel (1974–1977; 1992–1995)

Israeli politician; Prime Minister of Israel (1983-1984, 1986-1992)

Emperor of Ethiopian Empire (1837 - 1889)

Emperor of China from 1402 to 1424

Yongzheng Emperor

Emperor of China from 1722 to 1735

99th Prime Minister of Japan

Yoweri Museveni

President of Uganda

Xia Dynasty king and founder

First president of the Republic of China (1859–1916)

Yulia Tymoshenko

Former Prime Minister of Ukraine

Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal

Prime Minister of Mongolia from 26 January 1952 to 11 June 1974 and President of Mongolia from 11 June 1974 to 8 August 1984

President of South Korea from 1960 to 1962

Leader of the Soviet Union from 1982 to 1984

Yusuf ibn Tashfin

Ruler of Almoravid Dynasty (r. 1061–1106)

12th president of the United States

President of India from 1967 to 1969

Emperor of Ethiopia from 1434 to 1468

Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan

Sheikh of Abu Dhabi

Late 5th-century Eastern Roman emperor

3rd-century queen of the Palmyrene Empire in Syria

Empress of Ethiopia from 1916 to 1930

General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (1900-1976)

Chinese warlord and politician (1875–1928)

Emperor of Nanyue from 203 BC to 137 BC

Former General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party

Zhengde Emperor

Emperor of China from 1505 to 1521

Chinese politician (1898–1976)

Retired Chinese politician

Chinese warlord and founding emperor of the Later Liang dynasty (907-912)

Sixth President of Pakistan from 1978 to 1988 (1924–1988)

Former President of Bangladesh

Zine El Abidine Ben Ali

President of Tunisia from 1987 to 2011

Zoe Porphyrogenita

Byzantine empress regnant in 1042

Zulfikar Ali Bhutto

4th President and 9th Prime Minister of Pakistan (1928–1979)